Depolymerization of cranberry procyanidins using (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate as chain breakers. 2013

Hanwei Liu, and Tao Zou, and Jin-Ming Gao, and Liwei Gu
Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.

Procyanidin dimers, trimers, and tetramers are absorbable, whereas larger oligomers are not. Procyanidins in cranberries are bioactive components that help prevent chronic diseases; however, 85% of cranberry procyanidins are large oligomers or polymers with a degree of polymerization above four. The objective of this study was to depolymerize cranberry procyanidins, particularly the polymers, into absorbable oligomers. Partially purified cranberry procyanidins (PCP) were obtained using chromatographic methods. The resultant extract contained predominant polymers with a degree of polymerization above ten (77.2% w/w). The extract was depolymerized, using 0.1 or 1M methanolic HCl, with (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) added as chain breakers. Depolymerization converted polymers into A-type and B-type dimers, trimers and tetramers. Use of EGCG as a chain breaker resulted in A- and B-type oligomers with EGCG as a terminal unit, indicating that the added flavan-3-ol attached to the C4 carbocations from procyanidins during depolymerization. The yield of B-type oligomers was higher than that of A-type oligomers. The yield increased when higher amounts of flavan-3-ols were used for depolymerization. EGCG, as a chain breaker, produced fewer procyanidin oligomers than did catechin or epicatechin. This research provided a practical approach that may enhance the bioavailability and bioactivity of procyanidins in cranberries.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010936 Plant Extracts Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard. Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D002392 Catechin An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms. Catechinic Acid,Catechuic Acid,(+)-Catechin,(+)-Cyanidanol,(+)-Cyanidanol-3,(-)-Epicatechin,(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-chromanetriol,2H-1-Benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-, (2R-cis)-,3,3',4',5,7-Flavanpentol,Catergen,Cianidanol,Cyanidanol-3,Epicatechin,KB-53,Z 7300,Zyma,Cyanidanol 3,KB 53,KB53
D044945 Proanthocyanidins Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways. Anthocyanidin Polymers,Tannin, Condensed,Condensed Tannin,Condensed Tannins,Procyanidins,Polymers, Anthocyanidin,Tannins, Condensed
D058105 Polymerization Chemical reaction in which monomeric components are combined to form POLYMERS (e.g., POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE). Polymerizations
D029799 Vaccinium macrocarpon A plant species of the family VACCINIUM known for the sour fruit which is sometimes used for urinary tract infections. Cranberry,Cranberries,Vaccinium macrocarpons,macrocarpon, Vaccinium

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