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The mRNA for apolipoprotein B is translated into either a high molecular weight (apo BH) or low molecular weight (apo BL) form of the protein depending on a novel form of RNA processing known as RNA editing. Apo BH mRNA editing is both tissue-specific and hormonally regulated and involves transition of cytidine to uridine at codon 2153 thereby converting a glutamine codon (CAA) to a translational stop codon (UAA). Three methods for quantitating the endogenous levels of liver apo B mRNA editing were compared: (1) Southern blot hybridization with discriminative thermal washes, (2) competimer-hybridization with discriminative thermal washes and (3) competimer-polymerase chain reaction (competimer-PCR). The data suggest that hybridization and PCR can yield similar quantitation when competing oligonucleotides are used. Based on competimer-PCR it is proposed that 40% and 85% of normal rat liver and small intestine apo B mRNA (respectively) are edited.
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