IFN-γ in turtle: conservation in sequence and signalling and role in inhibiting iridovirus replication in Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. 2014

Jian Ping Fu, and Shan Nan Chen, and Peng Fei Zou, and Bei Huang, and Zheng Guo, and Ling Bing Zeng, and Qi Wei Qin, and Pin Nie
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

The IFN-γ gene was identified in a turtle, the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, with its genome consisting of 4 exons and 3 introns. The deduced amino acid sequence of this gene contains a signal peptide, an IFN-γ family signature motif (130)IQRKAVNELFPT, an NLS motif (155)KRKR and three potential N-glycosylation sites. As revealed by real-time quantitative PCR, the gene was constitutively expressed in all tested organs/tissues, with higher level observed in blood, intestine and thymus. An induced expression of IFN-γ at mRNA level was observed in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) in response to in vitro stimulation of LPS and PolyI:C. The overexpression of IFN-γ in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle artery (STA) cell line resulted in the increase in the expression of transcriptional regulators, such as IRF1, IRF7 and STAT1, and antiviral genes, such as Mx, PKR, implying possibly the existence of a conserved signalling network and role for IFN-γ in the turtle. Furthermore, the infection of soft-shelled turtle iridovirus (STIV) in the cell line transfected with IFN-γ may cause the cell death as demonstrated with the elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and cell mortality. However, the mechanism involved in the antiviral activity may require further investigation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007371 Interferon-gamma The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D007413 Intestinal Mucosa Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI. Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007963 Leukocytes, Mononuclear Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules. Mononuclear Leukocyte,Mononuclear Leukocytes,PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Human Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Leukocyte, Mononuclear
D008070 Lipopolysaccharides Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Lipopolysaccharide,Lipoglycans
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D011070 Poly I-C Interferon inducer consisting of a synthetic, mismatched double-stranded RNA. The polymer is made of one strand each of polyinosinic acid and polycytidylic acid. Poly(I-C),Poly(rI).Poly(rC),Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid,Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid (High MW),Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid,Polyribose Inosin-Cytidil,Inosin-Cytidil, Polyribose,Poly I C,Polyinosinic Polycytidylic Acid,Polyriboinosinic Polyribocytidylic Acid,Polyribose Inosin Cytidil
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D004266 DNA Virus Infections Diseases caused by DNA VIRUSES. Infections, DNA Virus,DNA Virus Infection,Infection, DNA Virus,Virus Infection, DNA,Virus Infections, DNA
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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