Sox5 functions as a fate switch in medaka pigment cell development. 2014

Yusuke Nagao, and Takao Suzuki, and Atsushi Shimizu, and Tetsuaki Kimura, and Ryoko Seki, and Tomoko Adachi, and Chikako Inoue, and Yoshihiro Omae, and Yasuhiro Kamei, and Ikuyo Hara, and Yoshihito Taniguchi, and Kiyoshi Naruse, and Yuko Wakamatsu, and Robert N Kelsh, and Masahiko Hibi, and Hisashi Hashimoto
Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

Mechanisms generating diverse cell types from multipotent progenitors are crucial for normal development. Neural crest cells (NCCs) are multipotent stem cells that give rise to numerous cell-types, including pigment cells. Medaka has four types of NCC-derived pigment cells (xanthophores, leucophores, melanophores and iridophores), making medaka pigment cell development an excellent model for studying the mechanisms controlling specification of distinct cell types from a multipotent progenitor. Medaka many leucophores-3 (ml-3) mutant embryos exhibit a unique phenotype characterized by excessive formation of leucophores and absence of xanthophores. We show that ml-3 encodes sox5, which is expressed in premigratory NCCs and differentiating xanthophores. Cell transplantation studies reveal a cell-autonomous role of sox5 in the xanthophore lineage. pax7a is expressed in NCCs and required for both xanthophore and leucophore lineages; we demonstrate that Sox5 functions downstream of Pax7a. We propose a model in which multipotent NCCs first give rise to pax7a-positive partially fate-restricted intermediate progenitors for xanthophores and leucophores; some of these progenitors then express sox5, and as a result of Sox5 action develop into xanthophores. Our results provide the first demonstration that Sox5 can function as a molecular switch driving specification of a specific cell-fate (xanthophore) from a partially-restricted, but still multipotent, progenitor (the shared xanthophore-leucophore progenitor).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008547 Melanophores Chromatophores (large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates) which contain melanin. Short term color changes are brought about by an active redistribution of the melanophores pigment containing organelles (MELANOSOMES). Mammals do not have melanophores; however they have retained smaller pigment cells known as MELANOCYTES. Melanophore
D009432 Neural Crest The two longitudinal ridges along the PRIMITIVE STREAK appearing near the end of GASTRULATION during development of nervous system (NEURULATION). The ridges are formed by folding of NEURAL PLATE. Between the ridges is a neural groove which deepens as the fold become elevated. When the folds meet at midline, the groove becomes a closed tube, the NEURAL TUBE. Neural Crest Cells,Neural Fold,Neural Groove,Cell, Neural Crest,Cells, Neural Crest,Crest, Neural,Crests, Neural,Fold, Neural,Folds, Neural,Groove, Neural,Grooves, Neural,Neural Crest Cell,Neural Crests,Neural Folds,Neural Grooves
D009990 Oryzias The only genus in the family Oryziinae, order BELONIFORMES. Oryzias are egg-layers; other fish of the same order are livebearers. Oryzias are used extensively in testing carcinogens. Japanese Medaka,Killifish, Japanese,Medaka,Japanese Killifish,Japanese Rice Fish,Medaka Killifish,Oryzias latipes,Oryziinae,Killifish, Medaka,Medakas
D010641 Phenotype The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment. Phenotypes
D010858 Pigmentation Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment. Pigmentations
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013234 Stem Cells Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. Colony-Forming Units,Mother Cells,Progenitor Cells,Colony-Forming Unit,Cell, Mother,Cell, Progenitor,Cell, Stem,Cells, Mother,Cells, Progenitor,Cells, Stem,Colony Forming Unit,Colony Forming Units,Mother Cell,Progenitor Cell,Stem Cell
D051763 PAX7 Transcription Factor A paired box transcription factor that is involved in EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and SKELETAL MUSCLE. Paired Box Protein Pax-7,Paired Box Transcription Factor 7,Transcription Factor PAX7,Factor PAX7, Transcription,PAX7, Transcription Factor,Paired Box Protein Pax 7,Transcription Factor, PAX7
D055755 SOXD Transcription Factors A subclass of closely-related SOX transcription factors. In addition to a conserved HMG-BOX DOMAIN, members of this group contain a leucine zipper motif which mediates protein DIMERIZATION. Group D SOX Transcription Factors,SOX-13 Transcription Factor,SOX-5 Transcription Factor,SOX-6 Transcription Factor,SOX13 Transcription Factor,SOX5 Transcription Factor,SOX6 Transcription Factor,SOX 13 Transcription Factor,SOX 5 Transcription Factor,SOX 6 Transcription Factor,Transcription Factor, SOX-13,Transcription Factor, SOX-5,Transcription Factor, SOX-6,Transcription Factor, SOX13,Transcription Factor, SOX5,Transcription Factor, SOX6,Transcription Factors, SOXD

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