Biomaterial Database

Urinary excretion of valproate and some metabolites in chronically treated patients. 1989

R G Dickinson, and W D Hooper, and P R Dunstan, and M J Eadie

Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Urinary excretion of the antiepileptic agent valproic acid (VPA) and major metabolites from its glucuronidation, beta-oxidation, and omega- and omega 1-hydroxylation pathways were studied under steady state conditions in 24 epileptic patients. Some 55 +/- 18% (SD) of the daily dose was recovered in urine, 33 +/- 14% in the form of VPA-glucuronide, 15 +/- 8% as beta-oxidation products, and 4 +/- 2% and 2 +/- 1% as products of the omega- and omega 1-hydroxylation pathways, respectively. Only 1 +/- 2% of the dose was excreted unchanged. The proportion metabolized by direct glucuronidation tended to increase with dose at the expense of the oxidative pathways, particularly beta-oxidation. However, the wide variation in the patterns of urinary metabolite excretion precludes use of routinely collected urinary excretion data as a basis for detecting any but severe noncomplicance with VPA therapy or abnormalities of VPA metabolism.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D004827	Epilepsy	A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)	Aura,Awakening Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Auras,Cryptogenic Epilepsies,Cryptogenic Epilepsy,Epilepsies,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Epilepsy, Awakening,Seizure Disorders
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006900	Hydroxylation	Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed)	Hydroxylations
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths