Protective Effects of Carvacrol Against Methotrexate-induced Liver Toxicity in Rats. 2014

M Bozkurt, and M N Bodakci, and G Turkcu, and M Kuyumcu, and M Akkurt, and B Sula, and S Em, and P Oktayoglu, and I Batmaz, and H Yüksel
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

BACKGROUND To investigate whether carvacrol (CAR) pretreatment reduces the severity of methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. METHODS A total of 24 rats were equally divided into three groups : group I, control ; group II, MTX-treated ; and group III, CAR+MTX-treated. On Day 1 group III received a one-time intraperitoneal dose of CAR (73 mg/kg), and on Day 2 both groups II and III received a single dose of intraperitoneal MTX (20 mg/kg). The rats were then sacrificed so to harvest blood and liver tissue samples to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Histological specimens were examined via light microscopy. RESULTS Levels of MDA, ALT, AST and ALP in rat liver tissue samples were significantly higher in the MTX-treated group relative to the control group. However, TAS was significantly reduced in the MTX-treated group when compared to controls. Pretreating rats with CAR counteracted the effect of MTX exposure as MDA was significantly decreased and TAS was elevated in liver tissues when contrasted with the MTX-treated group. Furthermore, histological examination demonstrated significant liver injury in the MTX-treated group versus the CAR+MTX group. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with CAR markedly diminished liver damage induced by MTX. Therefore, CAR administration preceding MTX treatment might be a promising therapeutic modality to prevent and/or lessen the extent of MTX-induced hepatotoxicity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D008297 Male Males
D008727 Methotrexate An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA. Amethopterin,Methotrexate Hydrate,Methotrexate Sodium,Methotrexate, (D)-Isomer,Methotrexate, (DL)-Isomer,Methotrexate, Dicesium Salt,Methotrexate, Disodium Salt,Methotrexate, Sodium Salt,Mexate,Dicesium Salt Methotrexate,Hydrate, Methotrexate,Sodium, Methotrexate
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000081007 Cymenes A subclass of monoterpenes that contain a single benzene ring structure with an isopropyl group and one or more methyl groups. Benzenoid Menthane,Benzenoid Menthanes,Cymene,Menthane, Benzenoid,Menthanes, Benzenoid
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017208 Rats, Wistar A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain. Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D056486 Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. Drug-Induced Liver Injury,Liver Injury, Drug-Induced,Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced,Chemically-Induced Liver Toxicity,Drug-Induced Acute Liver Injury,Drug-Induced Liver Disease,Hepatitis, Drug-Induced,Hepatitis, Toxic,Liver Injury, Drug-Induced, Acute,Toxic Hepatitis,Acute Liver Injury, Drug Induced,Chemically Induced Liver Toxicity,Chemically-Induced Liver Toxicities,Disease, Drug-Induced Liver,Diseases, Drug-Induced Liver,Drug Induced Acute Liver Injury,Drug Induced Liver Disease,Drug Induced Liver Injury,Drug-Induced Hepatitides,Drug-Induced Hepatitis,Drug-Induced Liver Diseases,Drug-Induced Liver Injuries,Hepatitides, Drug-Induced,Hepatitides, Toxic,Hepatitis, Drug Induced,Injuries, Drug-Induced Liver,Injury, Drug-Induced Liver,Liver Disease, Drug-Induced,Liver Diseases, Drug-Induced,Liver Injuries, Drug-Induced,Liver Injury, Drug Induced,Liver Toxicities, Chemically-Induced,Liver Toxicity, Chemically-Induced,Toxic Hepatitides,Toxicities, Chemically-Induced Liver,Toxicity, Chemically-Induced Liver
D039821 Monoterpenes Compounds with a core of 10 carbons generally formed via the mevalonate pathway from the combination of 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. They are cyclized and oxidized in a variety of ways. Due to the low molecular weight many of them exist in the form of essential oils (OILS, VOLATILE). Monoterpene,Monoterpenoid,Monoterpenoids

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