BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) with the use of second-generation chlorhexidine-silver sulfadiazine (CHSS)-impregnated catheters, rifampicin-miconazole (RM)-impregnated catheters, and standard catheters. METHODS Retrospective study of patients admitted to an intensive care unit who received CHSS, RM, or standard catheters in femoral venous access. RESULTS We diagnosed 18 CRBSIs in 245 patients with standard catheters in 2,061 days, zero CRBSI in 169 patients with CHSS-impregnated catheters in 1,489 days, and zero CRBSI in 227 patients with RM-impregnated catheters in 2,009 days. Patients with standard catheters compared with CHSS- and RM-impregnated catheters showed a higher rate of CRBSI (7.3%, 0%, and 0%, respectively; P < .001) and higher incidence density of CRBSI (8.7, 0, and 0 per 1,000 catheter days, respectively; P < .001). We found in the exact Poisson regression that standard catheters were associated with a higher CRBSI incidence than CHSS-impregnated catheters (P < .001) and RM-impregnated catheters (P < .001), controlling for catheter duration. We found in survival analysis that standard catheters were associated with a lower CRBSI-free time than CHSS-impregnated catheters (P < .001) and RM-impregnated catheters (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS We found that CHSS- and RM-impregnated catheters decreased similarly the risk of CRBSI.