Biomaterial Database

Angiotensin-(1-7) enhances the effects of angiotensin II on the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex and sympathetic activity in rostral ventrolateral medulla in renovascular hypertensive rats. 2015

Peng Li, and Feng Zhang, and Hai-Jian Sun, and Feng Zhang, and Ying Han

Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Excessive sympathetic activity propels the pathogenesis and progression of organ damage in hypertension. Enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) is involved in sympathetic activation in hypertension. Given the important role of the renin-angiotensin (Ang) system in regulating sympathetic outflow and cardiovascular activity, the present study aimed to investigate the roles of Ang-(1-7) in Ang II-induced CSAR and the sympathetic activation responses in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of hypertensive rats. The two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) method was used to induce renovascular hypertension. Responses of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) to epicardial application of capsaicin were used to evaluate the CSAR in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats with anesthesia. Both Ang II and Ang-(1-7) in the RVLM caused greater increases in RSNA and MAP in 2K1C rats than in sham-operated (sham) rats and enhanced CSAR independently. RVLM pretreatment with Ang-(1-7) dose dependently augmented the effects of Ang II on RSNA, MAP, and CSAR in 2K1C rats. Mas receptor antagonist A-779 in the RVLM exhibited more powerful inhibitory effects on RSNA, MAP, and CSAR than the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist losartan. The expression of both the AT1 receptor and Mas receptor proteins in the RVLM increased, but neither the Ang II nor Ang-(1-7) levels in the RVLM changed significantly in the 2K1C rats compared with the sham rats. These results indicate that Ang-(1-7) in the RVLM enhances the CSAR and sympathetic output not only by itself but also through enhancing the effects of Ang II in renovascular hypertensive rats. Both endogenous Ang-(1-7) and Ang II in the RVLM contribute to the enhanced CSAR and sympathetic activation in renovascular hypertension.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006978	Hypertension, Renovascular	Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression.	Hypertension, Goldblatt,Goldblatt Syndrome,Goldblatt Hypertension,Renovascular Hypertension,Syndrome, Goldblatt
D008297	Male		Males
D008526	Medulla Oblongata	The lower portion of the BRAIN STEM. It is inferior to the PONS and anterior to the CEREBELLUM. Medulla oblongata serves as a relay station between the brain and the spinal cord, and contains centers for regulating respiratory, vasomotor, cardiac, and reflex activities.	Accessory Cuneate Nucleus,Ambiguous Nucleus,Arcuate Nucleus of the Medulla,Arcuate Nucleus-1,External Cuneate Nucleus,Lateral Cuneate Nucleus,Nucleus Ambiguus,Ambiguus, Nucleus,Arcuate Nucleus 1,Arcuate Nucleus-1s,Cuneate Nucleus, Accessory,Cuneate Nucleus, External,Cuneate Nucleus, Lateral,Medulla Oblongatas,Nucleus, Accessory Cuneate,Nucleus, Ambiguous,Nucleus, External Cuneate,Nucleus, Lateral Cuneate
D010446	Peptide Fragments	Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.	Peptide Fragment,Fragment, Peptide,Fragments, Peptide
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D012018	Reflex	An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004347	Drug Interactions	The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.	Drug Interaction,Interaction, Drug,Interactions, Drug
D000704	Analysis of Variance	A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.	ANOVA,Analysis, Variance,Variance Analysis,Analyses, Variance,Variance Analyses