Biomaterial Database

Carbohydrate metabolic studies during twelve months of treatment with a low-dose combination oral contraceptive. 1989

R Ramamoorthy, and T P Saraswathi, and T S Kanaka

Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Madras, India.

Carbohydrate metabolism was evaluated in twenty healthy women volunteers using a low-dose combination oral contraceptive (OC) containing 30 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol and 500 micrograms of dl-norgestrel by measurement of serum glucose and insulin levels during 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after 3, 6 and 12 months of medication. There were no significant differences in body weight or blood pressure between pretreatment and posttreatment. Fasting serum glucose levels were slightly reduced, though not significantly, during all periods of treatment. But serum glucose levels were increased at 1, 2 and 3 hours in association with high insulin responses during OGTT in all periods of OC therapy, indicating mild to moderate insulin resistance. These data suggest that the low-dose combination OC used in the study exerts alterations on carbohydrate metabolism in women during one year of OC use.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D009644	Norgestrel	A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis.	18,19-Dinorpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-, (17alpha)-(+-)-,DL-Norgestrel,Neogest,Ovrette,Postinor,Wy-3707,DL Norgestrel,Wy 3707,Wy3707
D003277	Contraceptives, Oral, Combined	Fixed drug combinations administered orally for contraceptive purposes.	Combined Oral Contraceptive,Contraceptive Agents, Female, Combined,Oral Contraceptives, Combined,Combined Oral Contraceptives,Contraceptive, Combined Oral,Contraceptives, Combined Oral,Oral Contraceptive, Combined
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.	19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17alpha)-,Ethynyl Estradiol,Estinyl,Ethinyl Estradiol Hemihydrate,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha,17 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (8 alpha,9 beta,13 alpha,14 beta)-Isomer,Ethinyl Estradiol, (9 beta,17 alpha)-Isomer,Ethinyl-Oestradiol Effik,Ethinylestradiol Jenapharm,Ethinyloestradiol,Lynoral,Microfollin,Microfollin Forte,Progynon C,Estradiol, Ethinyl,Estradiol, Ethynyl,Ethinyl Oestradiol Effik,Hemihydrate, Ethinyl Estradiol,Jenapharm, Ethinylestradiol
D005260	Female		Females
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D005951	Glucose Tolerance Test	A test to determine the ability of an individual to maintain HOMEOSTASIS of BLOOD GLUCOSE. It includes measuring blood glucose levels in a fasting state, and at prescribed intervals before and after oral glucose intake (75 or 100 g) or intravenous infusion (0.5 g/kg).	Intravenous Glucose Tolerance,Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test,OGTT,Oral Glucose Tolerance,Oral Glucose Tolerance Test,Glucose Tolerance Tests,Glucose Tolerance, Oral
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006946	Hyperinsulinism	A syndrome with excessively high INSULIN levels in the BLOOD. It may cause HYPOGLYCEMIA. Etiology of hyperinsulinism varies, including hypersecretion of a beta cell tumor (INSULINOMA); autoantibodies against insulin (INSULIN ANTIBODIES); defective insulin receptor (INSULIN RESISTANCE); or overuse of exogenous insulin or HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS.	Compensatory Hyperinsulinemia,Endogenous Hyperinsulinism,Exogenous Hyperinsulinism,Hyperinsulinemia,Hyperinsulinemia, Compensatory,Hyperinsulinism, Endogenous,Hyperinsulinism, Exogenous
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults