Biomaterial Database

Infusion of sodium nitroprusside induces platelet dysfunction in vitro. 1989

R Hines, and P G Barash

Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, Connecticut 06510.

The effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) infusion on platelet function was prospectively evaluated in 29 patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Any patient receiving preoperative medication known to interfere with platelet function was excluded from this study. Platelet function was evaluated by measurement of platelet aggregation with both adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epinephrine-induced aggregation tests. Ten patients served as a control population receiving fentanyl anesthesia and no SNP. Nineteen patients received SNP, as clinically indicated, following the induction of anesthesia (and prior to cardiopulmonary bypass) to maintain a mean blood pressure of 80 mmHg. The infusion rate and total dose of SNP delivered was recorded for each patient. Infusion rates of SNP greater than or equal to 3 micrograms.kg.-1 min-1 resulted in a dose-related decrease in platelet aggregation (P less than 0.05). This reduction in platelet function was accompanied by a concomitant increase in bleeding time from 5.8 +/- 0.6 to 9.3 +/- 0.4 min in the patients receiving SNP (P less than 0.05). In addition, with the administration of a total dose of SNP greater than or equal to 16 mg, a significant reduction in platelet aggregation (P less than 0.05) was observed. Platelet aggregation studies and bleeding time performed in the control group (following the administration of fentanyl (30 micrograms/kg) did not reveal any deviation from baseline values. The results from this in vivo study support previous in vitro data demonstrating a detrimental effect upon platelet function following SNP infusion.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007023	Hypotension, Controlled	Procedure in which arterial blood pressure is intentionally reduced in order to control blood loss during surgery. This procedure is performed either pharmacologically or by pre-surgical removal of blood.	Controlled Hypotension,Hypotension, Induced,Induced Hypotension
D007262	Infusions, Intravenous	The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.	Drip Infusions,Intravenous Drip,Intravenous Infusions,Drip Infusion,Drip, Intravenous,Infusion, Drip,Infusion, Intravenous,Infusions, Drip,Intravenous Infusion
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009599	Nitroprusside	A powerful vasodilator used in emergencies to lower blood pressure or to improve cardiac function. It is also an indicator for free sulfhydryl groups in proteins.	Nitroferricyanide,Sodium Nitroprusside,Cyanonitrosylferrate,Ketostix,Naniprus,Nipride,Nipruton,Nitriate,Nitropress,Nitroprussiat Fides,Nitroprusside, Disodium Salt,Nitroprusside, Disodium Salt, Dihydrate,Disodium Salt Nitroprusside,Nitroprusside, Sodium
D010974	Platelet Aggregation	The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.	Aggregation, Platelet
D010975	Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors	Drugs or agents which antagonize or impair any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system.	Antiaggregants, Platelet,Antiplatelet Agent,Antiplatelet Agents,Antiplatelet Drug,Blood Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor,Blood Platelet Antagonist,Blood Platelet Antiaggregant,PAR-1 Antagonists,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor,Platelet Antagonist,Platelet Antagonists,Platelet Antiaggregant,Platelet Antiaggregants,Platelet Inhibitor,Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Antagonists,Antiplatelet Drugs,Blood Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors,Blood Platelet Antagonists,Blood Platelet Antiaggregants,Platelet Inhibitors,Agent, Antiplatelet,Aggregation Inhibitor, Platelet,Antagonist, Blood Platelet,Antagonist, Platelet,Antiaggregant, Blood Platelet,Antiaggregant, Platelet,Drug, Antiplatelet,Inhibitor, Platelet,Inhibitor, Platelet Aggregation,PAR 1 Antagonists,Platelet Antagonist, Blood,Platelet Antiaggregant, Blood,Protease Activated Receptor 1 Antagonists
D005292	Ferricyanides	Inorganic salts of the hypothetical acid, H3Fe(CN)6.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368	Aged	A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available.	Elderly
D001026	Coronary Artery Bypass	Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.	Aortocoronary Bypass,Bypass, Coronary Artery,Bypass Surgery, Coronary Artery,Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting,Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,Aortocoronary Bypasses,Artery Bypass, Coronary,Artery Bypasses, Coronary,Bypass, Aortocoronary,Bypasses, Aortocoronary,Bypasses, Coronary Artery,Coronary Artery Bypasses