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Pharmacological characteristics of three silent giant neurons, v-LPSN, v-1-VOrN and v-VLN, identified on the ventral surface in the left parietal and the visceral ganglia of the suboesophageal ganglia of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac). 1985

T Matsuoka, and K Watanabe, and H Takeuchi

Three giant neurons, named v-LPSN, v-1-VOrN and v-VLN, were identified on the ventral surface of the left parietal ganglion and the visceral ganglion in the suboesophageal ganglia of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac). They lacked the spontaneous spike discharges in the normal state. The pharmacological features of the three neurons, in relation to the principal common neurotransmitter substances and their derivatives were examined. The v-LPSN (ventral-left parietal silent neuron) (diameter: about 130 microns) is situated in the left parietal ganglion close to the visceral ganglion. The neuron was excited by histamine (the minimum effective concentration [MEC]: 3 X 10(-4) M) and inhibited slightly by acetylcholine (Ach) and its related substances. The v-1-VOrN (ventral-left-visceral oral neuron) (diameter: about 130 microns) is situated in the left and oral part of the visceral ganglion. The neuron was inhibited markedly by dopamine (DA) (MEC: 3 X 10(-4) M) and slightly by Ach and its related substances. No substance producing a marked excitation of the neuron has been found yet. The v-VLN (ventral-visceral large neuron) (diameter: about 300 microns) is found in the centre of the visceral ganglion. The neuron was excited by L-norepinephrine (MEC: 10(-4) M), DL-octopamine (MEC: 2 X 10(-4) M), 5-hydroxytryptamine (MEC: 10(-4) M) and beta-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid (MEC: 10(-4) M) and inhibited by DA (MEC: 10(-4) M), GABA (MEC: 3 X 10(-5) M) and Ach (MEC: 10(-4) M). L-Epinephrine showed varied effects (MEC: 10(-4) M), which were either excitatory or inhibitory.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007211 Indoles Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002395 Catecholamines A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from TYROSINE. Catecholamine,Sympathin,Sympathins
D002794 Choline A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism. Bursine,Fagine,Vidine,2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium,Choline Bitartrate,Choline Chloride,Choline Citrate,Choline Hydroxide,Choline O-Sulfate,Bitartrate, Choline,Chloride, Choline,Choline O Sulfate,Citrate, Choline,Hydroxide, Choline,O-Sulfate, Choline
D005724 Ganglia Clusters of multipolar neurons surrounded by a capsule of loosely organized CONNECTIVE TISSUE located outside the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
D000200 Action Potentials Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli. Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000596 Amino Acids Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012908 Snails Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial mollusks of the class Gastropoda. Most have an enclosing spiral shell, and several genera harbor parasites pathogenic to man. Snail

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