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Effects of catecholamines, monophenolamines and phenylamines on identifiable giant neurons of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac). 1985

B S Ku, and H Takeuchi

The effects of catecholamines, monophenolamines and phenylamines on eight identifiable giant neurons of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac) were examined to classify these neurons into several categories according to their sensitivities to the various substances. The five neurons, PON (periodically oscillating neuron), TAN (tonically autoactive neuron), 1-VMN (left-visceral multiple spike neuron), d-RPeAN (dorsal-right pedal autoactive neuron) and VIN (visceral intermittent firing neuron), were sensitive to catecholamines. Of these neurons, PON was excited most markedly by dopamine (dopamine-sensitive); TAN, 1-VMN and d-RPeAN were inhibited most markedly by epinine (epinine-sensitive); and VIN was excited equally by the four catecholamines, dopamine, epinine, L-noradrenaline and L-adrenaline (widely sensitive). The three other neurons, FAN (frequently autoactive neuron), d-LPeLN (dorsal-left pedal large neuron) and d-LCDN (dorsal-left cerebral distinct neuron) were sensitive to monophenolamines. DL-Octopamine was the most inhibitory on FAN and d-LCDN, but was the most excitatory on d-LPeLN. DL-Synephrine had the same but somewhat weaker effects on the three neurons as did DL-octopamine. The three phenylamines, L-phenylalanine, beta-phenylethylamine and DL-beta-phenylethanolamine, had no effect on any of the eight neurons examined.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008564 Membrane Potentials The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization). Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D009655 Octopamine An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates. Norsynephrine,p-Octopamine,para-Octopamine,4-Octopamine,Norsympatol,alpha-(Aminoethyl)-4-hydroxybenzenemethanol
D002395 Catecholamines A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from TYROSINE. Catecholamine,Sympathin,Sympathins
D004298 Dopamine One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action. Hydroxytyramine,3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine,4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,2-benzenediol,Dopamine Hydrochloride,Intropin,3,4 Dihydroxyphenethylamine,Hydrochloride, Dopamine
D000814 Aniline Compounds Compounds that include the aminobenzene structure. Phenylamine,Phenylamines,Anilines,Compounds, Aniline
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012908 Snails Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial mollusks of the class Gastropoda. Most have an enclosing spiral shell, and several genera harbor parasites pathogenic to man. Snail
D013329 Structure-Activity Relationship The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups. Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D015078 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine Simple amine found in the brain. It may be modulator of sympathetic functions. Its derivatives are adrenergic agonists and antagonists. It is also used in chemical industry. 2-Phenylethanolamine,Bisnorephedrine,beta-Hydroxyphenethylamine,beta-Phenylethanolamine,2 Hydroxyphenethylamine,2 Phenylethanolamine,beta Hydroxyphenethylamine,beta Phenylethanolamine

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