Biomaterial Database

Acute and chronic toxicity of nitrite to Clarias lazera. 1987

A M Hilmy, and N A el-Domiaty, and K Wershana

The present study is an attempt to define acute (96 hr) and chronic (6-months) effects of nitrite on two different sizes of juvenile Clarias lazera. Static bioassays on acute toxicity showed median tolerance limit (TLm) for four days of 28 and 32 mg/l NO2-N for the two sizes respectively. Although nitrite is known to cause hypoxia, as a result of oxidation of haemoglobin to methemoglobin, exposure of both sizes to nitrite resulted in a decreased erythrocyte count haemoglobin content and haematocrit values. Fish exposed to nitrite responded physiologically by producing methemoglobin. A decline in serum total protein levels was recorded during acute and chronic exposure of both sizes to nitrite. This was interpreted as a generalized stress response.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008706	Methemoglobin		Ferrihemoglobin
D009573	Nitrites	Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M	Nitrite
D010858	Pigmentation	Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment.	Pigmentations
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D001798	Blood Proteins	Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.	Blood Protein,Plasma Protein,Plasma Proteins,Serum Protein,Serum Proteins,Protein, Blood,Protein, Plasma,Protein, Serum,Proteins, Blood,Proteins, Plasma,Proteins, Serum
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D004906	Erythrocyte Count	The number of RED BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.	Blood Cell Count, Red,Erythrocyte Number,Red Blood Cell Count,Count, Erythrocyte,Counts, Erythrocyte,Erythrocyte Counts,Erythrocyte Numbers
D005399	Fishes	A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.
D006400	Hematocrit	The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.	Erythrocyte Volume, Packed,Packed Red-Cell Volume,Erythrocyte Volumes, Packed,Hematocrits,Packed Erythrocyte Volume,Packed Erythrocyte Volumes,Packed Red Cell Volume,Packed Red-Cell Volumes,Red-Cell Volume, Packed,Red-Cell Volumes, Packed,Volume, Packed Erythrocyte,Volume, Packed Red-Cell,Volumes, Packed Erythrocyte,Volumes, Packed Red-Cell
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia