Biomaterial Database

Mechanisms underlying pre- and postjunctional effects of neuropeptide Y in sympathetic vascular control. 1986

J Pernow, and A Saria, and J M Lundberg

The effects of porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY) regarding sympathetic vascular control were studied in vitro on isolated rat blood vessels. The 10(-9)M NPY enhanced (about two-fold) the contractile responses to transmural nerve stimulation (TNS), noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (about two-fold) in the femoral artery. Higher concentrations of NPY (greater than 10(-8)M) caused an adrenoceptor-resistant contraction per se. The TNS-evoked [3H]NA efflux was significantly reduced by NPY in a concentration-dependent manner (threshold 10(-9)M). The calcium antagonist, nifedipine, abolished the contractile effects of NPY and the NPY-induced enhancement of NA contractions but did not influence the prejunctional inhibition of [3H]NA release. Receptor-binding studies showed that the ratio of alpha 1-to alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the femoral artery was 30:1. The NPY did not cause any detectable change in the number of alpha 1-or alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding sites or in the affinity of alpha 2-binding sites, as revealed by prazosin- and clonidine-binding, respectively. The NPY also inhibited the TNS-evoked [3H]NA release (by 42-86%) in the superior mesenteric and basilar arteries and in femoral and portal veins. The NPY still depressed TNS-evoked [3H]NA secretion from the portal vein in the presence of phentolamine. The NPY caused a clear-cut contraction in the basilar artery, increased the contractile force of spontaneous contractions in the portal vein, while only weak responses were observed in the superior mesenteric artery and femoral vein. The NA-induced contraction was markedly enhanced by NPY in the superior mesenteric artery, only slightly enhanced in the portal vein and uninfluenced in the femoral vein. In conclusion, in all blood vessels tested, NPY depresses the TNS-evoked [3H]NA secretion via a nifedipine-resistant action. Furthermore, NPY exerts a variable, Ca2+-dependent vasoconstrictor effect and enhancement of NA and TNS contractions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008638	Mesenteric Arteries	Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines.	Arteries, Mesenteric,Artery, Mesenteric,Mesenteric Artery
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009131	Muscle, Smooth, Vascular	The nonstriated involuntary muscle tissue of blood vessels.	Vascular Smooth Muscle,Muscle, Vascular Smooth,Muscles, Vascular Smooth,Smooth Muscle, Vascular,Smooth Muscles, Vascular,Vascular Smooth Muscles
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D009478	Neuropeptide Y	A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.	Neuropeptide Y-Like Immunoreactive Peptide,Neuropeptide Tyrosine,Neuropeptide Y Like Immunoreactive Peptide,Tyrosine, Neuropeptide
D009543	Nifedipine	A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	Adalat,BAY-a-1040,Bay-1040,Cordipin,Cordipine,Corinfar,Fenigidin,Korinfar,Nifangin,Nifedipine Monohydrochloride,Nifedipine-GTIS,Procardia,Procardia XL,Vascard,BAY a 1040,BAYa1040,Bay 1040,Bay1040,Monohydrochloride, Nifedipine,Nifedipine GTIS
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D011169	Portal Vein	A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein.	Portal Veins,Vein, Portal,Veins, Portal
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat