Carbohydrate-Based Fat Mimetics Can Affect the Levels of 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-Diol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Shortbread Biscuits. 2019

Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
Malopolska Centre of Food Monitoring, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka Street 122, 30-149, Krakow, Poland. a.sadowska-rociek@ur.krakow.pl.

Shortbread biscuits have become one of the most desirable snacks in all population groups but due to its high fat content it is searching for new solutions of fat reduction such as the use of carbohydrate-based fat mimetics. However, the thermal processing of food containing lipids in the presence of certain carbohydrates can contribute to the formation of toxic compounds or alter its levels. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the use of inulin and pectin gels as partial fat replacers (10-40%) in classical shortbread biscuits in a view of the changes of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) levels after baking, and also after a two-months storage. The experiment showed that the amount of inulin gel higher than 10% promoted the endogenous formation of 3-MCPDE probably due to the higher amount of Maillard products formed in the biscuits, but after two months the levels decreased and were comparable with those transferred from shortening. Pectin did not demonstrate such phenomenon, owing to the presence of bound water in gel. Glycidyl esters were partially decomposed during baking and also during storage, particularly in the samples with the addition of pectin gel, which presumably caused by low stability of GE under acidic conditions resulting from the occurrence of galacturonic acid in pectin.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007444 Inulin A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is classified as a fructosan. It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.
D010368 Pectins High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Calcium Pectinate,Methoxy Pectin,Methoxylpectin,Methoxypectin,Pectin,Pectinic Acid,Zinc Pectinate,Pectin, Methoxy,Pectinate, Calcium,Pectinate, Zinc
D001939 Bread Baked food product made of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded, and sometimes fermented. A major food since prehistoric times, it has been made in various forms using a variety of ingredients and methods. Breads
D002241 Carbohydrates A class of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n. The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrate
D004041 Dietary Fats Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados. Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D004852 Epoxy Compounds Organic compounds that include a cyclic ether with three ring atoms in their structure. They are commonly used as precursors for POLYMERS such as EPOXY RESINS. Epoxide,Epoxides,Epoxy Compound,Oxiranes,Compound, Epoxy,Compounds, Epoxy
D004952 Esters Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water. Ester
D005504 Food Analysis Measurement and evaluation of the components of substances to be taken as FOOD. Analysis, Food,Analyses, Food,Food Analyses
D000517 alpha-Chlorohydrin A chlorinated PROPANEDIOL with antifertility activity in males used as a chemosterilant in rodents. alpha-Chlorhydrin,3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol,3-Chloropropanediol,3-MCPD,3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol,Glycerol alpha-Monochlorohydrin,U-5897,3 Chloro 1,2 propanediol,3 Chloropropanediol,3 Monochloropropane 1,2 diol,Glycerol alpha Monochlorohydrin,U 5897,U5897,alpha Chlorhydrin,alpha Chlorohydrin,alpha-Monochlorohydrin, Glycerol
D019358 Fat Substitutes Compounds used in food or in food preparation to replace dietary fats. They may be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-based. Fat substitutes are usually lower in calories but provide the same texture as fats. Artificial Fats,Artificial Fat,Fat Substitute,Fat, Artificial,Fats, Artificial,Substitute, Fat,Substitutes, Fat

Related Publications

Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
January 2022, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition,
Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
October 2021, Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment,
Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
July 2014, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
January 2015, Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment,
Anna Sadowska-Rociek, and Ewa Cieślik
March 2020, Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment,
Copied contents to your clipboard!