Biomaterial Database

Phorbol ester stimulates the synthesis and phosphorylation of a 48 kDa-intracellular protein in plasminogen activator secreting melanoma cells. 1986

F Bosman, and G Opdenakker, and J Van Damme, and A Billiau

Phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate) stimulates the secretion of tissue-type plasminogen activator by the melanoma cell line, Bowes. This effect is associated with increased levels of mRNAs for both tissue-type plasminogen activator and a 48 kDa-protein. Labelling of melanoma cells with L-[35S]methionine allowed to identify an intracellular protein which, by 3 criteria, was identical with the in vitro translation product of the 48kDa-protein mRNA: a Mr of 48,000 on electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate; inducibility by phorbol ester and failure of reducing agents to affect electrophoretic mobility. As detectable by L-[35S]methionine labelling, the protein was mainly localized in the cytosol. In vitro phosphorylation reactions, carried out on subcellular fractions revealed a membrane-associated protein which also had the three characteristics of the aforementioned 48 kDa-protein. Phosphorylation did not require Ca2+-ions. Addition of phorbol ester to the reaction mixtures increased the phosphorylation. Reconstitution experiments between membrane and cytosol fractions of phorbol ester-treated and untreated cells showed that the 48kDa protein occurs in a cytosolic, unphosphorylated and a membrane-bound, phosphorylated form and that the former is converted to the latter by a phorbol ester activated, membrane-associated protein kinase.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008545	Melanoma	A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	Malignant Melanoma,Malignant Melanomas,Melanoma, Malignant,Melanomas,Melanomas, Malignant
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D009363	Neoplasm Proteins	Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.	Proteins, Neoplasm
D010704	Phorbols	The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).	Tigliane,Tiglianes
D010750	Phosphoproteins		Phosphoprotein
D010766	Phosphorylation	The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.	Phosphorylations
D010959	Tissue Plasminogen Activator	A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases.	Alteplase,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue-Type,T-Plasminogen Activator,Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator,Actilyse,Activase,Lysatec rt-PA,TTPA,Tisokinase,Tissue Activator D-44,Lysatec rt PA,Lysatec rtPA,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue,Plasminogen Activator, Tissue Type,T Plasminogen Activator,Tissue Activator D 44,Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003600	Cytosol	Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.	Cytosols
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man