Biomaterial Database

A beetle antifreeze protein protects lactate dehydrogenase under freeze-thawing. 2019

Celeste Rodriguez, and Seyed Sajjadi, and Ravinder Abrol, and Xin Wen

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.

Effects of a beetle antifreeze proteins (AFP) from Dendroides canadensis (DAFP-1) on a model freeze-labile enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were investigated under freezing and thawing conditions. The presence of DAFP-1 can effectively protect the enzymatic activity of LDH upon repeated freezing and thawing and the protective role of DAFP-1 is more significant than that of bovine serum albumin (BSA), a common protectant for freeze-labile proteins. The results of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy suggest that the presence of DAFP-1 provides protection to the denaturation of LDH under freezing and thawing. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of DAFP-1 and LDH suggests that DAFP-1 interacts with LDH using its ice-binding surface (IBS) and mainly through its arginine residues. A mutant of DAFP-1, where all the arginine residues were replaced by alanine residues, lost its effect in protecting LDH under freezing and thawing. The results demonstrated that DAFP-1 is an effective protectant for a freeze-labile protein under freezing and thawing and the arginine residues in DAFP-1 are important for its protective role. By correlating the protective effect of an AFP with its structure, new insights in the identification and development of effective protectants for freeze-labile proteins were provided.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007770	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase	A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.	Lactate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate,Dehydrogenase, Lactate,L Lactate Dehydrogenase
D011487	Protein Conformation	The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).	Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D011489	Protein Denaturation	Disruption of the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide bonds responsible for maintaining the three-dimensional shape and activity of the native protein.	Denaturation, Protein,Denaturations, Protein,Protein Denaturations
D005615	Freezing	Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat.	Melting
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001517	Coleoptera	Order of winged insects also known as beetles comprising over 350,000 species in 150 families. They possess hard bodies with mouthparts adapted for chewing.	Beetles,Beetle
D056004	Molecular Dynamics Simulation	A computer simulation developed to study the motion of molecules over a period of time.	Molecular Dynamics Simulations,Molecular Dynamics,Dynamic, Molecular,Dynamics Simulation, Molecular,Dynamics Simulations, Molecular,Dynamics, Molecular,Molecular Dynamic,Simulation, Molecular Dynamics,Simulations, Molecular Dynamics
D019476	Insect Proteins	Proteins found in any species of insect.	Insect Protein,Protein, Insect,Proteins, Insect
D021301	Antifreeze Proteins	Proteins that bind to ice and modify the growth of ice crystals. They perform a cryoprotective role in a variety of organisms.	Antifreeze Glycopeptide,Antifreeze Glycoprotein,Antifreeze Glycoproteins,Antifreeze Peptide,Antifreeze Protein,Thermal Hysteresis Protein,AFGP,Antifreeze Glycopeptides,Antifreeze Peptides,Thermal Hysteresis Proteins,Glycopeptide, Antifreeze,Glycopeptides, Antifreeze,Glycoprotein, Antifreeze,Glycoproteins, Antifreeze,Hysteresis Protein, Thermal,Hysteresis Proteins, Thermal,Peptide, Antifreeze,Peptides, Antifreeze,Protein, Antifreeze,Protein, Thermal Hysteresis,Proteins, Antifreeze,Proteins, Thermal Hysteresis