Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe blockage of the arteries to the lower limbs characterized by poor prognoses for both salvage of the lower limb and patient survival. Accordingly, CLI must be diagnosed and treated appropriately from the earliest possible stage. To do so, multidisciplinary treatment not only by vascular surgeons but also by many other doctors and medical staff is necessary. Accurate diagnosis is indispensable to appropriate treatment of CLI; thus, the definitions in the recently issued new guidelines for CLI treatment are reviewed. The multidisciplinary treatment of CLI should be recognized as three elements: namely, multidisciplinary treatment to salvage the lower limb, to improve of survival prognosis, and to prevent CLI occurrence. In all of these events, team medicine administered by expert staff is indispensable. The specialist must have not only profound knowledge of his/her field of specialty but also professional skills and the ability to cooperate with other departments. A multidisciplinary treatment approach that combines the abilities of many specialists for treating severely ischemic limbs in patients with peripheral arterial disease is expected to improve both limb salvage and patient survival and should be promoted in daily clinical settings. (This is a translation of Jpn J Vasc Surg 2018; 27: 507-512.).