Biomaterial Database

Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of Chlamydiales. 2019

Martina Jelocnik, and Adam Polkinghorne, and Yvonne Pannekoek

Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.

Developed two decades ago as a molecular method to provide definite characterization of a bacterial isolate, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) is today globally adopted as a universal fine-detailed molecular typing tool and has been applied to numerous pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacterial as well eukaryotic organisms. MLST utilizes DNA sequence of several conserved housekeeping (HK) genes which are assigned an allelic number, which then collectively constitute an allelic profile or sequence type (ST), a "molecular barcode" of the interrogated bacterial strain or a eukaryotic organism. Here, we describe the principles and molecular approaches for generating MLST data for an analysis of a bacteria in the order Chlamydiales, using a Chlamydia pecorum-specific MLST scheme as an example.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002689	Chlamydia	A genus of the family CHLAMYDIACEAE whose species cause a variety of diseases in vertebrates including humans, mice, and swine. Chlamydia species are gram-negative and produce glycogen. The type species is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS.
D002690	Chlamydia Infections	Infections with bacteria of the genus CHLAMYDIA.	Infections, Chlamydia,Chlamydia Infection,Infection, Chlamydia
D002695	Chlamydiales	An order of obligately intracellular, gram-negative bacteria that have the chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication. This is a two-stage cycle that includes a metabolically inactive infectious form, and a vegetative form that replicates by binary fission. Members of Chlamydiales are disseminated by aerosol or by contact. There are at least six recognized families: CHLAMYDIACEAE, Criblamydiaceae, Parachlamydiaceae, Rhabdochlamydia, Simkaniaceae, and Waddliaceae.	Criblamydiaceae,Parachlamydiaceae,Rhabdochlamydia,Simkaniaceae,Waddliaceae,Microorganism Z
D004269	DNA, Bacterial	Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.	Bacterial DNA
D004587	Electrophoresis, Agar Gel	Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Electrophoresis, Agarose Gel,Agar Gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis,Gel Electrophoresis, Agar,Gel Electrophoresis, Agarose
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015373	Bacterial Typing Techniques	Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.	Bacteriocin Typing,Biotyping, Bacterial,Typing, Bacterial,Bacterial Biotyping,Bacterial Typing,Bacterial Typing Technic,Bacterial Typing Technics,Bacterial Typing Technique,Technic, Bacterial Typing,Technics, Bacterial Typing,Technique, Bacterial Typing,Techniques, Bacterial Typing,Typing Technic, Bacterial,Typing Technics, Bacterial,Typing Technique, Bacterial,Typing Techniques, Bacterial,Typing, Bacteriocin
D016133	Polymerase Chain Reaction	In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.	Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D017422	Sequence Analysis, DNA	A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.	DNA Sequence Analysis,Sequence Determination, DNA,Analysis, DNA Sequence,DNA Sequence Determination,DNA Sequence Determinations,DNA Sequencing,Determination, DNA Sequence,Determinations, DNA Sequence,Sequence Determinations, DNA,Analyses, DNA Sequence,DNA Sequence Analyses,Sequence Analyses, DNA,Sequencing, DNA
D058885	Multilocus Sequence Typing	Direct nucleotide sequencing of gene fragments from multiple housekeeping genes for the purpose of phylogenetic analysis, organism identification, and typing of species, strain, serovar, or other distinguishable phylogenetic level.	Multilocus Sequence Analysis,Analyses, Multilocus Sequence,Analysis, Multilocus Sequence,Multilocus Sequence Analyses,Sequence Analyses, Multilocus,Sequence Analysis, Multilocus,Sequence Typing, Multilocus,Typing, Multilocus Sequence