Airway management for neonates requiring ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT). 2020

Shazia Mohammad, and Olutoyin A Olutoye
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

In utero congenital malformations in the fetus can occasionally lead to an obstructed airway at birth accompanied by hypoxic injury or peripartum demise, without intervention. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) may help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with challenging airways by providing extra time on uteroplacental circulation to secure the airway. Meticulous preparation and planning are crucial for this procedure. Many different types of congenital malformations can result in a difficult airway, but there is no correlation between specific malformations and a required type of airway intervention. Based on our experience and literature review, an airway process flow diagram has been created to help assist teams in decision-making for airway intervention in a neonate during the EXIT procedure. The management of the airway in this scenario involves additional unique considerations that accompany handling a partially delivered newborn in the uterine environment. Extensive preparation and team rehearsal are essential to the success of this procedure.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000402 Airway Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs. Choking,Airway Obstructions,Obstruction, Airway,Obstructions, Airway
D058109 Airway Management Evaluation, planning, and use of a range of procedures and airway devices for the maintenance or restoration of a patient's ventilation. Airway Control,Control, Airway,Management, Airway
D021041 Placental Circulation The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA. Circulation, Fetoplacental,Circulation, Placental,Circulation, Uteroplacental,Fetoplacental Blood Flow,Fetoplacental Circulation,Placental Blood Flow,Uterine Blood Flow,Uterine Circulation,Uteroplacental Blood Flow,Uteroplacental Circulation,Fetal-Placental Circulation,Blood Flow, Fetoplacental,Blood Flow, Placental,Blood Flow, Uterine,Blood Flow, Uteroplacental,Circulation, Fetal-Placental,Circulation, Uterine,Fetal Placental Circulation,Fetoplacental Blood Flows,Fetoplacental Circulations,Flow, Fetoplacental Blood,Flow, Placental Blood,Flow, Uterine Blood,Flow, Uteroplacental Blood,Placental Blood Flows,Uterine Blood Flows,Uterine Circulations,Uteroplacental Blood Flows

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