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Interstitial cystitis is a pathological condition whose symptoms mimic urinary tract infection and include urgency, frequency, and moderate to severe pain. Many more women than men are affected, with antibiotic therapy being the usual first treatment approach based on symptomology. Some clinicians believe that chronic antibiotic therapy may play an etiological role in interstitial cystitis; however neither clinical nor experimental data support their opinion. The implied pathogenesis of antibiotic injury is an alteration of the bladder mucosa and its protective mucin coating to allow urine-mediated damage to the bladder wall. The purpose of this study is to evaluate rabbit urinary bladder function and morphology during chronic nitrofurantoin administration. The results demonstrate that up to twelve months of chronic nitrofurantoin administration produce no changes in 1) bacterial adherence to the rabbit bladder mucosa, 2) specific antibacterial adherence activity of the bladder mucin, and 3) ultrastructure of the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis.
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