Influence of partial replacement of starch by sucrose in high fat-cholesterol diet on serum lipoprotein responses of cynomolgus monkeys. 1988

S R Srinivasan, and S Spahn, and Y K Chiang, and B Radhakrishnamurthy, and G S Berenson
Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.

The influence of partial replacement of starch by sucrose on dietary cholesterol-induced serum lipoprotein responses was examined in 10 male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). In a crossover design two semipurified diets provided either starch or starch and sucrose (1:1) as carbohydrate (49% by calories) with 0.4 mg cholesterol/kcal. Six weeks of starch + sucrose diet resulted in significantly reduced levels (mean +/- SE, mg/dl) of serum total cholesterol (264 +/- 9 vs 244 +/- 8) and apo B (110 +/- 6 vs 96 +/- 6) when compared with starch diet, whereas serum triglyceride levels remained similar between diets. With respect to changes in lipids and apolipoproteins (A-I or B) of very low (VLDL), low (LDL), intermediate (IDL), and high (HDL) density lipoproteins, starch + sucrose diet significantly increased VLDL-apo B (+34%), and decreased LDL-cholesterol (-18%) and LDL-apo B (-15%) as compared with starch alone; no differences were found in IDL and HDL between diets. The relative proportion of starch to sucrose in a diet appears to influence the magnitude of response of lipoproteins to dietary cholesterol.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008055 Lipids A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Lipid
D008074 Lipoproteins Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes. Circulating Lipoproteins,Lipoprotein,Lipoproteins, Circulating
D008252 Macaca fascicularis A species of the genus MACACA which typically lives near the coast in tidal creeks and mangrove swamps primarily on the islands of the Malay peninsula. Burmese Long-Tailed Macaque,Crab-Eating Monkey,Cynomolgus Monkey,M. f. aurea,M. fascicularis,Macaca fascicularis aurea,Monkey, Crab-Eating,Monkey, Cynomolgus,Crab-Eating Macaque,Burmese Long Tailed Macaque,Crab Eating Macaque,Crab Eating Monkey,Crab-Eating Macaques,Crab-Eating Monkeys,Cynomolgus Monkeys,Long-Tailed Macaque, Burmese,Macaque, Burmese Long-Tailed,Macaque, Crab-Eating,Monkey, Crab Eating
D008297 Male Males
D002791 Cholesterol, Dietary Cholesterol present in food, especially in animal products. Dietary Cholesterol
D004040 Dietary Carbohydrates Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277) Carbohydrates, Dietary,Carbohydrate, Dietary,Dietary Carbohydrate
D004041 Dietary Fats Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados. Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001053 Apolipoproteins Protein components on the surface of LIPOPROTEINS. They form a layer surrounding the hydrophobic lipid core. There are several classes of apolipoproteins with each playing a different role in lipid transport and LIPID METABOLISM. These proteins are synthesized mainly in the LIVER and the INTESTINES. Apolipoprotein
D013213 Starch Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants. Amylomaize Starch,Amylum,Cornstarch,Keoflo,Starch, Amylomaize

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