Biomaterial Database

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluations on ceftriaxone in neonates]. 1988

N Iwai, and H Nakamura, and M Miyazu, and M Katayama, and Y Taneda

Department of Pediatrics, Meitetsu Hospital.

1. Ten neonates 0 to 28 days old (gestation: 37-42 weeks; birth weight: 2,160-3,640 g) received 20 mg/kg CTRX (8 cases) or 10 mg/kg (2 cases) by intravenous bolus injection, while 9 infants 35 days to 9 months old (gestation: 37-43 weeks; birth weight: 2,800-3,560 g) received 20 mg/kg by intravenous bolus injection, and their blood drug concentrations and urinary drug excretions were examined. Average blood levels of CTRX in the 20 mg/kg dosage group were 114 +/- 14.6 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 109 +/- 12.8 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 100 +/- 12.6 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 87.9 +/- 15.8 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 72.8 +/- 15.3 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, and 50.1 +/- 12.3 micrograms/ml at 12 hours in the neonates; and 113 +/- 20.0 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 101 +/- 14.7 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 83.6 +/- 9.3 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 70.3 +/- 10.7 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 56.9 +/- 8.6 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, and 35.7 +/- 9.2 micrograms/ml at 12 hours in the infants. Average half-lives of CTRX in blood were 10.3 +/- 4.5 hours in the neonates, and 6.6 +/- 1.9 hours in the infants. Average blood concentrations of CTRX in the 10 mg/kg dosage neonate group were 63.8 +/- 6.0 micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 57.8 +/- 2.5 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 53.5 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml at 2 hours, 41.8 +/- 7.4 micrograms/ml at 4 hours, 32.4 +/- 5.9 micrograms/ml at 6 hours, and 20.8 +/- 1.1 micrograms/ml at 12 hours, and the half-life was 7.2 +/- 0.4 hours. These results suggest that blood concentrations are apparently dose-related in the neonate period; that the peak levels of the neonate and infant groups were similar (the levels at 30 minutes) not showing a relationship to age, gestation period or to birth weight; and that the higher the age was the shorter the half-life became with the half-life in the one week old group was 1.5 times as long as that in the older infant group. The half-life in the younger infant group, however, was similar to that in the older infant group. Urinary excretion was examined in 4 neonates and 2 infants. Average urinary recovery rates in 12 hours after intravenous injection were 40.8 +/- 8.3% in the neonate group and 44.8 +/- 12.8% in the infant group, showing that CTRX is excreted well even in the neonate period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007275	Injections, Intravenous	Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.	Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D002443	Ceftriaxone	A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic and cefotaxime derivative with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.	Benaxona,Cefatriaxone,Cefaxona,Ceftrex,Ceftriaxon,Ceftriaxon Curamed,Ceftriaxon Hexal,Ceftriaxona Andreu,Ceftriaxona LDP Torlan,Ceftriaxone Irex,Ceftriaxone Sodium,Ceftriaxone Sodium, Anhydrous,Ceftriaxone, Disodium Salt,Ceftriaxone, Disodium Salt, Hemiheptahydrate,Lendacin,Longacef,Longaceph,Ro 13-9904,Ro-13-9904,Ro13-9904,Rocefalin,Rocefin,Rocephin,Rocephine,Tacex,Terbac,Anhydrous Ceftriaxone Sodium,Ro 13 9904,Ro 139904,Ro13 9904,Ro139904
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D005260	Female		Females
D006207	Half-Life	The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.	Halflife,Half Life,Half-Lifes,Halflifes
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001424	Bacterial Infections	Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.	Bacterial Disease,Bacterial Infection,Infection, Bacterial,Infections, Bacterial,Bacterial Diseases