Biomaterial Database

Thermoplastic starch nanocomposites using cellulose-rich Chrysopogon zizanioides nanofibers. 2021

Midhun Dominic C D, and Derval Dos Santos Rosa, and Paulo Henrique Camani, and Athira S Kumar, and Neenu K V, and P M Sabura Begum, and Divya Dinakaran, and Effina John, and Donna Baby, and Meenu Mariya Thomas, and Jaison M Joy, and Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, and Mohammad Reza Saeb

Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala Pin-682013, India. Electronic address: midhundominic@shcollege.ac.in.

Green thermoplastic starch (TPS) nanocomposite films aided by cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from Chrysopogon zizanioides roots were developed and characterized. When compared to other lignocellulosic fibers, Chrysopogon zizanioides roots revealed exceptionally high cellulose content (~48%). CNFs were separated using an environmentally friendly acid isolation technique that included three stages: (i) alkali treatment; (ii) bleaching; and (iii) mild acid hydrolysis using oxalic acid in an autoclave. Following that, green nanocomposite films were made from potato starch using the solution casting process, by which we used glycerol (30 wt%) to make thermoplastic starch. Then, cellulose nanofibers in different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 wt%) were added to the thermoplastic starch matrix. The isolated CNFs had diameters in the range of 17-27 nm. Besides, these nanostructures presented a very high crystallinity index (~65%), thereby enhanced the thermal stability. TPS/CNF green nanocomposites containing 3 wt% CNFs had exceptional tensile strength (~161%), tensile modulus (~167%), thermal stability, and crystallinity. As a result, nanocomposite films made of starch and cellulose nanofibers (3 wt%) extracted from Chrysopogon zizanioides roots would be alternatives for sustainable packaging. It can be concluded that Chrysopogon zizanioides roots have high potential for polymer industry.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002482	Cellulose	A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.	Alphacel,Avicel,Heweten,Polyanhydroglucuronic Acid,Rayophane,Sulfite Cellulose,alpha-Cellulose,Acid, Polyanhydroglucuronic,alpha Cellulose
D006868	Hydrolysis	The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
D000080122	Edible Films	Packaging materials that can be directly consumed. They provide barrier and protection, while enhancing quality and safety of food products. (Bourtoom, 2008).	Edible Coating,Edible Food Packaging Materials,Edible Packaging,Coating, Edible,Coatings, Edible,Edible Coatings,Edible Film,Edible Packagings,Film, Edible,Films, Edible,Packaging, Edible,Packagings, Edible
D013213	Starch	Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.	Amylomaize Starch,Amylum,Cornstarch,Keoflo,Starch, Amylomaize
D013718	Tensile Strength	The maximum stress a material subjected to a stretching load can withstand without tearing. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p2001)	Strength, Tensile,Strengths, Tensile,Tensile Strengths
D049930	Chrysopogon	A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The RHIZOME contains SESQUITERPENES and is the source of vetiver oil used in PERFUME.	Vetiveria,Chrysopogon zizanioides,Vetiver Grass,Vetiveria zizanioides,Chrysopogon zizanioide,Chrysopogons,Grass, Vetiver,Grasses, Vetiver,Vetiver Grasses,Vetiveria zizanioide,zizanioide, Chrysopogon,zizanioides, Chrysopogon,zizanioides, Vetiveria
D053761	Nanocomposites	Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)	Nanocomposite
D057139	Nanofibers	Submicron-sized fibers with diameters typically between 50 and 500 nanometers. The very small dimension of these fibers can generate a high surface area to volume ratio, which makes them potential candidates for various biomedical and other applications.	Nanofiber