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Under anaerobic conditions, in comparison to liver microsomes obtained from normal controls, liver microsomes obtained from rats pretreated with cyclophosphamide formed significantly less 7-deoxydoxorubicinol aglycone (P less than or equal to .05), whereas the disappearance of doxorubicin and the formation of 7-deoxydoxorubicin aglycone were unaffected. When directly investigated, the reduction of 7-deoxydoxorubicin aglycone to 7-deoxydoxorubicinol aglycone by microsomes was inhibited by cyclophosphamide pretreatment. Liver cytosols from controls and cyclophosphamide-treated rats reduced daunorubicin to daunorubicinol and 7-deoxydoxorubicin aglycone to 7-deoxydoxorubicinol aglycone at the same rate, which indicates the lack of effect of cyclophosphamide pretreatment on the cytosolic aldoketoreductase. The results suggest the existence of a microsomal carbonyl reduction system for anthracycline antibiotics and indicate that cyclophosphamide does affect the metabolism of doxorubicin; in rats, this interaction results only in an alteration of the relative concentrations of presumably inactive metabolites, the 7-deoxyaglycones. The importance of these findings for the pharmacological interaction between doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in humans remains to be investigated.
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