Introduction Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a type of vertigo and its signs are short-time, severe attacks that occur in certain head and body positions. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin D deficiency correlates with BPPV and this is explained by cupulolithiasis and canalithiasis theories. Method In the present study, levels of serum vitamin D in the patients who were diagnosed as BPPV and those in the control group consisting of healthy individuals were investigated. In addition, it was examined whether vitamin D is influential on the rates of BPPV types. In our study, 258 patients who were diagnosed with BPPV after detailed ear-nose-throat and neurology examinations were examined. We compared the control group according to their ages, genders, and levels of vitamin D. In addition, we divided the BPPV group into two sub-groups according to their vitamin D levels (20-30 ng/ml and 20 g/ml lower), and each was compared by calculating vertigo types and ratios. Results The BPPV group included 187 females and 71 males, and their mean age was 43.70 ± 15.44. The control group consisted of 65 females and 35 males, and the mean age of this group was 44.63 ± 15.42. The mean vitamin D levels of the females and males were 18.42 ± 5.07 and 19.82 ± 5.11, respectively, in this study. On the other hand, the mean vitamin D levels of healthy females and males were found to be 30.88 ± 10.74. Conclusion Our study found that the vitamin D levels of the individuals in the BPPV group were statistically significantly lower than those of the individuals who were in the control group. However, it was observed that vitamin D did not affect the rate of vertigo subtypes.