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SARS-CoV-2 Epitopes following Infection and Vaccination Overlap Known Neutralizing Antibody Sites. 2022
Li Yang, and
Te Liang, and
Lane M Pierson, and
Hongye Wang, and
Jesse K Fletcher, and
Shu Wang, and
Duran Bao, and
Lili Zhang, and
Zhen Huang, and
Wenshu Zheng, and
Xiaomei Zhang, and
Heewon Park, and
Yuwen Li, and
James E Robinson, and
Amy K Feehan, and
Christopher J Lyon, and
Jing Cao, and
Lisa A Morici, and
Chenzhong Li, and
Chad J Roy, and
Xiaobo Yu, and
Tony Hu
Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Identification of epitopes targeted following virus infection or vaccination can guide vaccine design and development of therapeutic interventions targeting functional sites, but can be laborious. Herein, we employed peptide microarrays to map linear peptide epitopes (LPEs) recognized following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. LPEs detected by nonhuman primate (NHP) and patient IgMs after SARS-CoV-2 infection extensively overlapped, localized to functionally important virus regions, and aligned with reported neutralizing antibody binding sites. Similar LPE overlap occurred after infection and vaccination, with LPE clusters specific to each stimulus, where strong and conserved LPEs mapping to sites known or likely to inhibit spike protein function. Vaccine-specific LPEs tended to map to sites known or likely to be affected by structural changes induced by the proline substitutions in the mRNA vaccine's S protein. Mapping LPEs to regions of known functional importance in this manner may accelerate vaccine evaluation and discovery of targets for site-specific therapeutic interventions.
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