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Effects of compounds related to beta-hydroxyglutamic acid (BHGA) on identifiable giant neurones of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac). 1987

P Novales-Li, and K Watanabe, and H Takeuchi, and Y Ohfune, and N Kurokawa, and M Kurono
Department of Physiology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.

The present study aimed to further elucidate the pharmacological features, with respect to sensitivity to L-BHGA agonists, of the receptors sensitive to beta-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid (L-BHGA) in five Achatina giant neurones: PON (periodically oscillating neurone), d-RPLN (dorsal-right parietal large neurone), VIN (visceral intermittently firing neurone), RAPN (right anterior pallial neurone) and v-RCDN (ventral-right cerebral distinct neurone). Of these neurones, d-RPLN and RAPN were depolarized by L-BHGA, while PON, VIN and v-RCDN were inhibited. Threo-beta-hydroxy-DL-aspartic acid markedly depolarized d-RPLN and RAPN (effective potency quotient (EPQ) in relation to the more effective L-BHGA isomer: 1 for d-RPLN and 0.3 for RAPN). This compound produced only slight inhibitory effects on PON, VIN and v-RCDN with EPQs calculated to be less than 0.03, less than 0.03 and 0.03, respectively. On the other hand, erythro-beta-hydroxy-DL-aspartic acid at 10(-3) M was almost ineffective, except on v-RCDN where it elicited some slight inhibitory effects (EPQ: 0.01). L-Aspartic and D-aspartic acid at 10(-3) M, also had almost no effect except for slight effects of D-aspartic acid on d-RPLN (EPQ: 0.1). N-Methyl-L- and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid were slightly effective only on v-RCDN (EPQ: less than 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). The other compounds, including beta-hydroxypyrroglutamic acid (cyclic BHGA) and proline derivatives, were almost ineffective at 10(-3) M; very weak effects were occasionally observed on some neurones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008564 Membrane Potentials The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization). Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D005724 Ganglia Clusters of multipolar neurons surrounded by a capsule of loosely organized CONNECTIVE TISSUE located outside the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
D005971 Glutamates Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure. Glutamic Acid Derivatives,Glutamic Acids,Glutaminic Acids
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012908 Snails Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial mollusks of the class Gastropoda. Most have an enclosing spiral shell, and several genera harbor parasites pathogenic to man. Snail
D066298 In Vitro Techniques Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism. In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In

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