Biomaterial Database

The Biosynthesis of Menaquinone-4: How a Historic Biochemical Pathway Is Changing Our Understanding of Vitamin K Nutrition. 2022

Martin J Shearer

Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: martin.shearer@gstt.nhs.uk.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009752	Nutritional Status	State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.	Nutrition Status,Status, Nutrition,Status, Nutritional
D010837	Vitamin K 1	A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.	Phylloquinone,Phytomenadione,Phytonadione,Aquamephyton,Konakion,Phyllohydroquinone,Vitamin K1
D014812	Vitamin K	A lipid cofactor that is required for normal blood clotting. Several forms of vitamin K have been identified: VITAMIN K 1 (phytomenadione) derived from plants, VITAMIN K 2 (menaquinone) from bacteria, and synthetic naphthoquinone provitamins, VITAMIN K 3 (menadione). Vitamin K 3 provitamins, after being alkylated in vivo, exhibit the antifibrinolytic activity of vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables, liver, cheese, butter, and egg yolk are good sources of vitamin K.
D024482	Vitamin K 2	A group of substances similar to VITAMIN K 1 which contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinione and an isoprenoid side chain of varying number of isoprene units. In vitamin K 2, each isoprene unit contains a double bond. They are produced by bacteria including the normal intestinal flora.	Menaquinone,Menaquinones,Vitamin K Quinone,Vitamin K2