Biomaterial Database

A morphometric study of myelinated fibers in lumbar ventral roots and hypoglossal nerves in motor neuron diseases. 1986

A Kondo, and H Nagara, and Y Sato, and M Koga, and J Tateishi

Morphometric studies of the 5th lumbar ventral spinal roots and hypoglossal nerves were made in twenty-one patients with motor neuron diseases and 12 age-matched controls. To evaluate the correlation between the numbers of the myelinated fibers and the patterns of white matter degeneration in spinal cords, the latter were classified into three groups: group A with selectively demarcated degeneration of lateral and anterior corticospinal tracts, group B with diffuse degeneration of antero-lateral spinal columns and group C with no degeneration of the spinal white matter. Although the numbers of large myelinated fibers of the 5th lumbar ventral roots were decreased in all three groups, the numbers in group C were significantly better preserved than those in group A. Even in the hypoglossal nerve, the numbers of total and large myelinated fibers were decreased and in addition, the longer the duration of bulbar signs and the more severe the pathological changes found in the hypoglossal nuclei, the fewer the number of myelinated fibers. Especially group A showed a significantly more severe decrease in the numbers of total and large myelinated fibers of the 5th lumbar ventral roots and hypoglossal nerves than group C. These findings suggest that the degeneration of the upper motor neuron accelerates that of the lower motor neuron system in motor neuron diseases.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007002	Hypoglossal Nerve	The 12th cranial nerve. The hypoglossal nerve originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus). This nerve also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles.	Cranial Nerve XII,Twelfth Cranial Nerve,Nerve XII,Nervus Hypoglossus,Cranial Nerve XIIs,Cranial Nerve, Twelfth,Cranial Nerves, Twelfth,Hypoglossal Nerves,Hypoglossus, Nervus,Nerve XII, Cranial,Nerve XIIs,Nerve XIIs, Cranial,Nerve, Hypoglossal,Nerve, Twelfth Cranial,Nerves, Hypoglossal,Nerves, Twelfth Cranial,Twelfth Cranial Nerves,XII, Nerve,XIIs, Nerve
D008161	Lumbosacral Region	Region of the back including the LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, SACRUM, and nearby structures.	Lumbar Region,Lumbar Regions,Lumbosacral Regions,Region, Lumbar,Region, Lumbosacral,Regions, Lumbar,Regions, Lumbosacral
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009046	Motor Neurons	Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.	Neurons, Motor,Alpha Motorneurons,Motoneurons,Motor Neurons, Alpha,Neurons, Alpha Motor,Alpha Motor Neuron,Alpha Motor Neurons,Alpha Motorneuron,Motoneuron,Motor Neuron,Motor Neuron, Alpha,Motorneuron, Alpha,Motorneurons, Alpha,Neuron, Alpha Motor,Neuron, Motor
D009413	Nerve Fibers, Myelinated	A class of nerve fibers as defined by their structure, specifically the nerve sheath arrangement. The AXONS of the myelinated nerve fibers are completely encased in a MYELIN SHEATH. They are fibers of relatively large and varied diameters. Their NEURAL CONDUCTION rates are faster than those of the unmyelinated nerve fibers (NERVE FIBERS, UNMYELINATED). Myelinated nerve fibers are present in somatic and autonomic nerves.	A Fibers,B Fibers,Fiber, Myelinated Nerve,Fibers, Myelinated Nerve,Myelinated Nerve Fiber,Myelinated Nerve Fibers,Nerve Fiber, Myelinated
D009468	Neuromuscular Diseases	A general term encompassing lower MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; and certain MUSCULAR DISEASES. Manifestations include MUSCLE WEAKNESS; FASCICULATION; muscle ATROPHY; SPASM; MYOKYMIA; MUSCLE HYPERTONIA, myalgias, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.	Amyotonia Congenita,Oppenheim Disease,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndrome,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Foley-Denny-Brown Syndrome,Oppenheim's Disease,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndrome,Benign Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes,Cramp Fasciculation Syndrome,Cramp-Fasciculation Syndromes,Fasciculation Cramp Syndrome, Benign,Fasciculation-Cramp Syndromes, Benign,Foley Denny Brown Syndrome,Neuromuscular Disease,Oppenheims Disease,Syndrome, Cramp-Fasciculation,Syndrome, Foley-Denny-Brown,Syndromes, Cramp-Fasciculation
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults