Biomaterial Database

Parkinsonian symptoms in tardive dyskinesia. A prevalence study. 1986

M S Myslobodsky, and T Holden, and R Sandler

Of 49 unselected patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) 28 (57%) exhibited various parkinsonian signs. Isolated tremor was encountered in 11 patients, tremor with hypokinesia and rigidity in 13 patients, and hypokinesia and rigidity alone in 4. Tremor was detected among patients with scorable peripheral signs of TD. Hypokineto-rigidity, with or without tremor, was attributed to high doses of neuroleptics--notably fluphenazine. This study confirmed reports that isolated parkinsonian signs occurring concurrently with TD must be considered a regular phenomenon even when questionable cases (e.g. tremor in lithium-treated patients, action-tremor in the elderly) are disregarded. However, given the 'fragmentation' of the parkinsonian syndrome, often atypical tremor and signs of anosognosia in TD patients, the final diagnosis may necessitate pharmacological testing (discontinuation of neuroleptic medication, administration of anticholinergics).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010302	Parkinson Disease, Secondary	Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)	Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism,Secondary Parkinsonism,Symptomatic Parkinson Disease,Parkinson Disease, Secondary Vascular,Parkinson Disease, Symptomatic,Parkinsonism, Secondary,Parkinsonism, Symptomatic,Secondary Vascular Parkinson Disease,Parkinsonism, Atherosclerotic,Secondary Parkinson Disease,Symptomatic Parkinsonism
D004409	Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced	Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)	Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced,Medication-Induced Dyskinesia,Drug-Induced Dyskinesia,Drug-Induced Dyskinesias,Dyskinesia, Drug Induced,Dyskinesia, Medication Induced,Dyskinesias, Drug-Induced,Dyskinesias, Medication-Induced,Medication Induced Dyskinesia,Medication-Induced Dyskinesias
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368	Aged	A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available.	Elderly
D012306	Risk	The probability that an event will occur. It encompasses a variety of measures of the probability of a generally unfavorable outcome.	Relative Risk,Relative Risks,Risk, Relative,Risks,Risks, Relative