Biomaterial Database

Interaction of solid-phase gangliosides with tetanus toxin and toxoid. 1985

E Habermann, and J L Tayot

Tetanus toxin has been fractionated on a column of silica beads coated with a ganglioside mixture. Toxicity and affinity of the fractions for brain membranes increased with their affinity for the column. The toxicity recovered with the nonabsorbed fraction was less than 5% with respect to the unfractionated toxin or its firmly bound moiety. Tetanus toxoid yielded less toxic or nontoxic fractions with different affinities for the column. Accordingly, binding of tetanus toxoid to brain membranes was partially preserved under mild toxoiding with formaldehyde. It is concluded that binding to gangliosides is a necessary, but not a sufficient, precondition for the pharmacological activity of tetanus toxin and its derivatives.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D001923	Brain Chemistry	Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.	Chemistry, Brain,Brain Chemistries,Chemistries, Brain
D002846	Chromatography, Affinity	A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules, often ANTIBODIES, to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Chromatography, Bioaffinity,Immunochromatography,Affinity Chromatography,Bioaffinity Chromatography
D005732	Gangliosides	A subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS. They contain one or more sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) residues. Using the Svennerholm system of abbrevations, gangliosides are designated G for ganglioside, plus subscript M, D, or T for mono-, di-, or trisialo, respectively, the subscript letter being followed by a subscript arabic numeral to indicated sequence of migration in thin-layer chromatograms. (From Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1997)	Ganglioside,Sialoglycosphingolipids
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013050	Spectrometry, Fluorescence	Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.	Fluorescence Spectrophotometry,Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Spectrofluorometry,Fluorescence Spectrometry,Spectrophotometry, Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, Fluorescence
D013744	Tetanus Toxin	Protein synthesized by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI as a single chain of ~150 kDa with 35% sequence identity to BOTULINUM TOXIN that is cleaved to a light and a heavy chain that are linked by a single disulfide bond. Tetanolysin is the hemolytic and tetanospasmin is the neurotoxic principle. The toxin causes disruption of the inhibitory mechanisms of the CNS, thus permitting uncontrolled nervous activity, leading to fatal CONVULSIONS.	Clostridial Neurotoxin,Clostridium tetani Toxin,Tetanus Toxins,Neurotoxin, Clostridial,Toxin, Clostridium tetani,Toxin, Tetanus,Toxins, Tetanus
D013745	Tetanus Toxoid		Tetanus Vaccine,Toxoid, Tetanus,Vaccine, Tetanus
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus