Biomaterial Database

Neutrophil aggregation and degranulation. Effect of arachidonic acid. 1979

J T O'Flaherty, and H J Showell, and E L Becker, and P A Ward

In response to aggregating and degranulating stimuli, platelets metabolize endogenous arachidonic acid to bioactive derivatives. These derivatives can stimulate platelets to degranulate and aggregate and, therefore, may be mediators of the platelet response. Because exogenous arachidonic acid also stimulates platelets to degranulate, aggregate, and form these mediators, we examined the effect of adding arachidonic acid to purified human neutrophil suspensions. Micromolar concentrations of arachidonic acid stimulated neutrophils to aggregate but not to degranulate. Cytochalasin B, a potentiator of neutrophil responses to chemotactic factors, also potentiated the arachidonic-acid-induced aggregation response; 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid, an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism, blocked this response. Aggregation of neutrophils, was not stimulated by several fatty acids with structural similarity to arachidonic acid. These results suggest that metabolic derivatives of arachidonic acid may be active in stimulating certain neutrophil responses. The role of these derivatives in mediating neutrophil responses to various stimuli needs to be examined.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007770	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase	A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.	Lactate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate,Dehydrogenase, Lactate,L Lactate Dehydrogenase
D008247	Lysosomes	A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured or undergoes MEMBRANE FUSION. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed).	Autolysosome,Autolysosomes,Lysosome
D009113	Muramidase	A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	Lysozyme,Leftose,N-Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase,Glycanhydrolase, N-Acetylmuramide,N Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D010974	Platelet Aggregation	The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.	Aggregation, Platelet
D002449	Cell Aggregation	The phenomenon by which dissociated cells intermixed in vitro tend to group themselves with cells of their own type.	Aggregation, Cell,Aggregations, Cell,Cell Aggregations
D003571	Cytochalasin B	A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.	Phomin
D004537	Eicosanoic Acids	20-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids.	Arachidic Acids,Acids, Arachidic,Acids, Eicosanoic
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001095	Arachidonic Acids		Eicosatetraenoic Acids,Acids, Arachidonic,Acids, Eicosatetraenoic