Biomaterial Database

The detoxication of aflatoxin B1 with glutathione in the rat. 1979

G O Emerole, and N Neskovic, and R L Dixon

1. The deactivation of aflatoxin B1 by glutathione (GSH) has been investigated in rat. Binding of metabolites of aflatoxin B1 to [3H]glutathione in vitro with rat liver microsomes is insignificant. Incubation with rat liver 10 000 g supernatant results in increased binding. Under identical conditions, benzo(a)pyrene metabolites are bound to [3H]glutathione much more than is aflatoxin B1. 2. Pre-treatment of rats with aflatoxin 1 (2 mg/kg) caused depletion in GSH of rat liver with a minimum at 6 h but returning to above normal at 24 h. GSH S-transferase activity was marginally increased at 6 h also and returned to normal at 24 h. 3. Kidney GSH was not significantly decreased, but kidney GSH S-transferase activity showed a sudden increase in 6 h, returning to almost normal at 24 h. 4. Pre-treatment with benzo(a)pyrene (2 mg/kg) caused greater depletion of hepatic GSH than occurred with aflatoxin B1 but did not show any effect on kidney GSH. 5. Hepatic and kidney GSH S-transferase in benzo(a)pyrene-treated rats showed greatest activity at 2 h followed by a gradual fall through 24 h. 6. GSH was therefore a less efficient nucleophile for aflatoxin B1 metabolites than for benzo(a)pyrene metabolites.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008658	Inactivation, Metabolic	Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion.	Detoxication, Drug, Metabolic,Drug Detoxication, Metabolic,Metabolic Detoxication, Drug,Detoxification, Drug, Metabolic,Metabolic Detoxification, Drug,Metabolic Drug Inactivation,Detoxication, Drug Metabolic,Detoxication, Metabolic Drug,Detoxification, Drug Metabolic,Drug Inactivation, Metabolic,Drug Metabolic Detoxication,Drug Metabolic Detoxification,Inactivation, Metabolic Drug,Metabolic Drug Detoxication,Metabolic Inactivation
D005978	Glutathione	A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.	Reduced Glutathione,gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly,gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine,Glutathione, Reduced,gamma L Glu L Cys Gly,gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
D000348	Aflatoxins	Furano-furano-benzopyrans that are produced by ASPERGILLUS from STERIGMATOCYSTIN. They are structurally related to COUMARINS and easily oxidized to an epoxide form to become ALKYLATING AGENTS. Members of the group include AFLATOXIN B1; aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1, aflatoxin G2; AFLATOXIN M1; and aflatoxin M2.	Aflatoxin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001580	Benzopyrenes	A class of chemicals that contain an anthracene ring with a naphthalene ring attached to it.	Benzpyrene
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In