Biomaterial Database

Existence of spare alpha 1-adrenoreceptors, but not alpha 2-adrenoreceptors, for respective vasopressor effects of cirazoline and B-HT 933 in the pithed rat. 1984

R R Ruffolo, and E L Yaden

The existence of a receptor reserve (spare receptors) was investigated for postsynaptic vascular alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptors in the pithed rat by evaluating the effects of progressive inactivation of alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoceptor pools by the irreversible antagonist phenoxybenzamine on the pressor responses of cirazoline and B-HT 933. Dose-response curves for the alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstrictor effects of cirazoline were shifted in a rightward direction with no depression of the maximum response by lower does of phenoxybenzamine (0.1-0.2 mg/kg, i.v.). Progressively higher doses of phenoxybenzamine (greater than 1 mg/kg, i.v.) produced further rightward shifts in the dose-response curves of cirazoline, but also depressed the maximum response. In contrast, all doses of phenoxybenzamine that inhibited the alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated pressor effects of B-HT 933 produced a reduction in the maximum response. These results are highly suggestive of the existence of a receptor reserve in the pithed rat for the postsynaptic vascular alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated effects of cirazoline, but not for the postsynaptic vascular alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated effects of B-HT 933. Confirmation of the existence of a receptor reserve for only the postsynaptic vascular alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated effects of cirazoline came from further analysis of the antagonism, by phenoxybenzamine, of cirazoline and B-HT 933 dose-response curves. The maximum pressor response that could be elicited by the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist cirazoline was a hyperbolic function on the size of the alpha1-adrenoceptor pool, the latter being progressively decreased by phenoxybenzamine treatment. Such a hyperbolic relationship is indicative of a receptor reserve. In marked contrast, the maximum pressor response that could be evoked by the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist B-HT 933 was a linear function of the size of the intact alpha2-adrenoceptor pool, characteristic of a lack of spare receptors. Further analysis showed that the occupancy-response relationship is fivefold more favorable for the alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated pressor effects of cirazoline than for the alpha2-adrenoceptor-mediated pressor effects of B-HT 933, indicating that any given maximum pressor response in the pithed rat may be obtained with one-fifth as many alpha1-adrenoceptors being activated by cirazoline than alpha2-adrenoceptors being stimulated by B-HT 933. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007093	Imidazoles	Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).
D008297	Male		Males
D010643	Phenoxybenzamine	An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	Dibenylene,Dibenyline,Dibenziran,Dibenzylin,Dibenzyline,Dibenzyran,Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride,Hydrochloride, Phenoxybenzamine
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D011942	Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha	One of the two major pharmacological subdivisions of adrenergic receptors that were originally defined by the relative potencies of various adrenergic compounds. The alpha receptors were initially described as excitatory receptors that post-junctionally stimulate SMOOTH MUSCLE contraction. However, further analysis has revealed a more complex picture involving several alpha receptor subtypes and their involvement in feedback regulation.	Adrenergic alpha-Receptor,Adrenergic alpha-Receptors,Receptors, alpha-Adrenergic,alpha-Adrenergic Receptor,alpha-Adrenergic Receptors,Receptor, Adrenergic, alpha,Adrenergic alpha Receptor,Adrenergic alpha Receptors,Receptor, alpha-Adrenergic,Receptors, alpha Adrenergic,alpha Adrenergic Receptor,alpha Adrenergic Receptors,alpha-Receptor, Adrenergic,alpha-Receptors, Adrenergic
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D003655	Decerebrate State	A condition characterized by abnormal posturing of the limbs that is associated with injury to the brainstem. This may occur as a clinical manifestation or induced experimentally in animals. The extensor reflexes are exaggerated leading to rigid extension of the limbs accompanied by hyperreflexia and opisthotonus. This condition is usually caused by lesions which occur in the region of the brainstem that lies between the red nuclei and the vestibular nuclei. In contrast, decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the elbows and wrists with extension of the legs and feet. The causative lesion for this condition is located above the red nuclei and usually consists of diffuse cerebral damage. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p358)	Decerebrate Posturing,Decorticate Rigidity,Decorticate State,Rigidity, Decerebrate,Rigidity, Decorticate,Decerebrate Posturings,Decerebrate Rigidity,Decerebrate States,Decorticate Rigidities,Decorticate States,Posturing, Decerebrate,Posturings, Decerebrate,Rigidities, Decorticate,State, Decerebrate,States, Decerebrate
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D000478	Alkylation	The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group.	Alkylations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia