Biomaterial Database

In vitro generation of hydrogen peroxide and of superoxide anion by bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes, blood monocytes, and alveolar macrophages. 1984

H Bielefeldt Ohmann, and L A Babiuk

Studies were conducted to compare the capacity of bovine blood monocytes, polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs), and alveolar macrophages (AMs) to generate hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion. Following stimulation with opsonized zymosan, bovine PMNs respond with an immediate and vigorous liberation of both oxygen species, generating 4.7 +/- 0.3 nmol H2O2/10(6) cell and 12.3 +/- 1.8 nmol O2-/10(6) cell during the initial 15 min. This is more than twice the amount generated by AMs (1.2 nmol H2O2/10(6) cell; 2.5 and nmol O2-/10(6) cell) and blood monocytes (0.5 nmol H2O2/10(6) cell; 2.1 nmol O2-/10(6) cell) during the same period. However, AMs continue generating H2O2 and O2- at a steady rate for a longer period and consequently produce amounts equal to those of PMNs when measured over a longer time span. Also, AMs can be stimulated with nonopsonized zymosan in contrast to PMNs. However, the AM population appears to comprise at least two subpopulations, which can be clearly distinguished by their capacity for generation of reactive oxygen species, and which correlate with their tendency for adherence to a plastic surface. In contrast to what has been found in other species, the bovine phagocytes were found to lack receptors for tuftsin and formylated oligopeptides, and thus remained unresponsive to these compounds. The in vitro activity of the three cell types was found to be very dependent on culture conditions, such as cell density and an adherent versus suspended state. In addition, a comparison with macrophages and PMNs elicited into the mammary gland suggest that in vivo factors can significantly influence the in vitro activities. The mammary gland cells have lower activity than blood and alveolar cells, even though they have been "primed" by chemotactic factor(s), and this is probably caused by milk components, i.e., the microenvironment. Our observations are discussed with respect to the results obtained from different laboratories, different species, and different cell types; emphasis is placed on the problem of drawing conclusions about in vivo functions of cells from parameters assayed in vitro.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008264	Macrophages	The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)	Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophages,Macrophage,Macrophages, Monocyte-Derived,Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages,Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage,Macrophage, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophage, Monocyte-Derived,Macrophages, Bone Marrow-Derived,Macrophages, Monocyte Derived,Monocyte Derived Macrophages,Monocyte-Derived Macrophage
D008297	Male		Males
D009000	Monocytes	Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.	Monocyte
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D009895	Opsonin Proteins	Proteins that bind to particles and cells to increase susceptibility to PHAGOCYTOSIS, especially ANTIBODIES bound to EPITOPES that attach to FC RECEPTORS. COMPLEMENT C3B may also participate.	Opsonin,Opsonin Protein,Opsonins,Protein, Opsonin
D011650	Pulmonary Alveoli	Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.	Alveoli, Pulmonary,Alveolus, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Alveolus
D002374	Catalase	An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA.	Catalase A,Catalase T,Manganese Catalase,Mn Catalase
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002448	Cell Adhesion	Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.	Adhesion, Cell,Adhesions, Cell,Cell Adhesions
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell