Biomaterial Database

Effects of inhibitors of tumor promotion on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced keratin modification in mouse epidermis. 1982

K G Nelson, and T J Slaga

In order to investigate the role that hyperplasia plays in the induction of the keratin modifications by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the effects of several inhibitors of tumor promotion and cycloheximide on the TPA-induced protein changes were studied. The antiinflammatory steroid fluocinolone acetonide and cycloheximide, which prevent the induction of hyperplasia, were found to prevent the appearance of the TPA-induced keratin modifications. Retinoic acid and tosylphenylalanylchloromethyl ketone, which have minor influence on hyperplasia, were found to have essentially no effect on these protein changes. These results provided further evidence that the TPA-induced epidermal keratin changes were associated with the induction of hyperplasia by TPA and not necessarily related to promoting ability.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006965	Hyperplasia	An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	Hyperplasias
D007633	Keratins	A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.	Cytokeratin,Keratin Associated Protein,Keratin,Keratin-Associated Proteins,alpha-Keratin,Associated Protein, Keratin,Keratin Associated Proteins,Protein, Keratin Associated,alpha Keratin
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010704	Phorbols	The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium).	Tigliane,Tiglianes
D002273	Carcinogens	Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.	Carcinogen,Oncogen,Oncogens,Tumor Initiator,Tumor Initiators,Tumor Promoter,Tumor Promoters,Initiator, Tumor,Initiators, Tumor,Promoter, Tumor,Promoters, Tumor
D003513	Cycloheximide	Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.	Actidione,Cicloheximide
D004591	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGE,Gel Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide,SDS PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGEs
D004817	Epidermis	The external, nonvascular layer of the skin. It is made up, from within outward, of five layers of EPITHELIUM: (1) basal layer (stratum basale epidermidis); (2) spinous layer (stratum spinosum epidermidis); (3) granular layer (stratum granulosum epidermidis); (4) clear layer (stratum lucidum epidermidis); and (5) horny layer (stratum corneum epidermidis).
D005260	Female		Females
D005446	Fluocinolone Acetonide	A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732)	Fluortriamcinolone Acetonide,Alvadermo,Capex,Co-Fluocin,Cortiespec,Derma-Smooth FS,Flucinar,Fluocid,Fluodermo,Fluonid,Fluotrex,Flurosyn,Flusolgen,Gelidina,Jellin,Jellisoft,Synalar,Synalar-HP,Synamol,Synemol,Acetonide, Fluocinolone,Acetonide, Fluortriamcinolone,Co Fluocin,Derma Smooth FS,Synalar HP