Biomaterial Database

Cerebrospinal fluid lysozyme in bacterial and viral meningitis. 1978

M Klockars, and S Reitamo, and T Weber, and Y Kerttula

The concentration of lysozyme (LZM) in cerebrospinal fluid was determined in 25 patients with bacterial meningitis, in 18 patients with viral meningitis and in 25 control patients who had other fibrile illnesses. The concentration of LZM was less than 1.5 microgram/ml in all control patients, and slightly to markedly raised in 10 patients with viral meningitis and in 11 out of 13 patients with untreated bacterial meningitis. The concentration of LZM was significantly different in the viral and bacterial meningitis patients (p less than 0.001). Most raised concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid LZM persisted for at least one week after the start of antibiotic treatment. The concentrations of LZM correlated well with concentrations of lactic dehydrogenase. These results show that the determination of cerebrospinal fluid LZM is a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of meningitis, particularly when the prehospital treatment with antibiotics may be responsible for a diagnostically misleading negative bacterial culture of the cerebrospinal fluid and altered cerebrospinal fluid cytology.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007770	L-Lactate Dehydrogenase	A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.	Lactate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate,Dehydrogenase, Lactate,L Lactate Dehydrogenase
D008585	Meningitis, Meningococcal	A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8)	Meningitis, Neisseria,Neisseria Meningitis,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup B,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup C,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup W-135,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup W135,Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup Y,Meningitis, Meningococcic,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup A,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup B,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup C,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup W-135,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup W135,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup Y,Serogroup A Meningococcal Meningitis,Serogroup B Meningococcal Meningitis,Serogroup C Meningococcal Meningitis,Serogroup W-135, Meningococcal Meningitis,Serogroup W135, Meningococcal Meningitis,Serogroup Y, Meningococcal Meningitis,Meningococcal Meningitis,Meningococcal Meningitis, Serogroup W 135,Neisseria Meningitides,Serogroup W 135, Meningococcal Meningitis
D008586	Meningitis, Pneumococcal	An acute purulent infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, most prevalent in children and adults over the age of 60. This illness may be associated with OTITIS MEDIA; MASTOIDITIS; SINUSITIS; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; sickle cell disease (ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL); skull fractures; and other disorders. Clinical manifestations include FEVER; HEADACHE; neck stiffness; and somnolence followed by SEIZURES; focal neurologic deficits (notably DEAFNESS); and COMA. (From Miller et al., Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p111)	Meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis,Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Experimental,Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Penicillin-Resistant,Meningitis, Pneumococcal, Recurrent,Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitides,Meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae,Meningitis, Experimental Pneumococcal,Pneumococcal Meningitides,Pneumococcal Meningitides, Experimental,Pneumococcal Meningitis,Pneumococcal Meningitis, Experimental,Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitides,Streptococcus pneumoniae Meningitis
D008587	Meningitis, Viral	Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RUBELLA; BUNYAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORBIVIRUS infections; PICORNAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; RHABDOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; HERPESVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; ADENOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; JC VIRUS infections; and RETROVIRIDAE INFECTIONS may cause this form of meningitis. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, neck pain, vomiting, PHOTOPHOBIA, and signs of meningeal irritation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)	Viral Meningitis,Meningitides, Viral,Viral Meningitides
D009107	Mumps	An acute infectious disease caused by RUBULAVIRUS, spread by direct contact, airborne droplet nuclei, fomites contaminated by infectious saliva, and perhaps urine, and usually seen in children under the age of 15, although adults may also be affected. (From Dorland, 28th ed)	Parotitis, Epidemic,Epidemic Parotitides,Epidemic Parotitis,Parotitides, Epidemic
D009113	Muramidase	A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	Lysozyme,Leftose,N-Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase,Glycanhydrolase, N-Acetylmuramide,N Acetylmuramide Glycanhydrolase
D003937	Diagnosis, Differential	Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures.	Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D004457	Echovirus Infections	Infectious disease processes, including meningitis, diarrhea, and respiratory disorders, caused by echoviruses.	Echo Virus Infections,Infections, Echo Virus,Infections, Echovirus,Echo Virus Infection,Echovirus Infection,Infection, Echo Virus,Infection, Echovirus
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man