Biomaterial Database

The x-ray structure of the periplasmic galactose binding protein from Salmonella typhimurium at 3.0-A resolution. 1983

S L Mowbray, and G A Petsko

The x-ray structure of the periplasmic galactose binding protein from Salmonella typhimurium, the specific receptor for taxis toward, and high-affinity transport of, galactose has been solved at 3.0-A resolution using multiple isomorphous replacement. The path of the polypeptide chain has been traced, and a model structure consisting of 292 amino acids has been fit to the electron density map. The overall shape of the molecule is that of a prolate ellipsoid, with dimensions 35 X 35 X 65 A. The protein consists of two similar domains of roughly equal size, related by an axis of pseudosymmetry, and separated by a deep cleft about 8 A wide. Each domain has a core of parallel beta sheet surrounded by five alpha helices, built by alternating strands of sheet and helix in a repeating pattern. Approximately 36% of the residues are involved in alpha helices, and 27% in beta sheet. The tertiary structure has been compared to that of the Escherichia coli arabinose binding protein (Gilliland, G.L., and Quiocho, F. A. (1981) J. Mol. Biol. 146, 341-362), a periplasmic receptor which is involved in transport, but not in chemotaxis. The overall folding of these two molecules is very similar, with the exception of two areas on the surface of the molecule on the long sides of the prolate ellipsoid. The observed variations are adequate to explain the differences in interaction of L-arabinose binding protein and galactose binding protein with the membrane proteins for transport and chemotaxis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D008958	Models, Molecular	Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.	Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D009004	Monosaccharide Transport Proteins	A large group of membrane transport proteins that shuttle MONOSACCHARIDES across CELL MEMBRANES.	Hexose Transport Proteins,Band 4.5 Preactin,Erythrocyte Band 4.5 Protein,Glucose Transport-Inducing Protein,Hexose Transporter,4.5 Preactin, Band,Glucose Transport Inducing Protein,Preactin, Band 4.5,Proteins, Monosaccharide Transport,Transport Proteins, Hexose,Transport Proteins, Monosaccharide,Transport-Inducing Protein, Glucose
D011487	Protein Conformation	The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).	Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D002135	Calcium-Binding Proteins	Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS.	Calcium Binding Protein,Calcium-Binding Protein,Calcium Binding Proteins,Binding Protein, Calcium,Binding Proteins, Calcium,Protein, Calcium Binding,Protein, Calcium-Binding
D002352	Carrier Proteins	Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes.	Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D005690	Galactose	An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.	D-Galactose,Galactopyranose,Galactopyranoside,D Galactose
D012486	Salmonella typhimurium	A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.	Salmonella typhimurium LT2
D014961	X-Ray Diffraction	The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Xray Diffraction,Diffraction, X-Ray,Diffraction, Xray,Diffractions, X-Ray,Diffractions, Xray,X Ray Diffraction,X-Ray Diffractions,Xray Diffractions
D033902	Periplasmic Binding Proteins	Periplasmic proteins that scavenge or sense diverse nutrients. In the bacterial environment they usually couple to transporters or chemotaxis receptors on the inner bacterial membrane.	Periplasmic Binding Protein,Binding Protein, Periplasmic,Binding Proteins, Periplasmic,Protein, Periplasmic Binding