Biomaterial Database

Pulmonary biosynthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins and related substances. 1984

T E Eling, and A I Ally

On passage through the lung vascular bed, prostaglandins are removed from the circulation by a transport carrier and subsequently inactivated by intracellular enzymes. However, PGI2 is not inactivated by the lung in vivo. Although PGI2 is an excellent substrate for the intracellular enzymes in vitro, PGI2 is not a substrate for the carrier system. Thus, the transport carrier determines which circulating prostaglandin is inactivated by the pulmonary vascular bed. Also, the lung has a high capacity for forming prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. Considerable differences exist between species in relation to amount and specific prostaglandin formed as determined by incubation of 11C-PGH2 with pulmonary microsomes. The pulmonary biosynthesis and metabolism of these prostaglandins and related substances are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008861	Microsomes	Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	Microsome
D011451	Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases	Enzyme complexes that catalyze the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS from the appropriate unsaturated FATTY ACIDS, molecular OXYGEN, and a reduced acceptor.	Fatty Acid Cyclo-Oxygenase,PGH Synthase,Prostaglandin H Synthase,Prostaglandin Synthase,Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase,Arachidonic Acid Cyclooxygenase,Cyclo-Oxygenase,Cyclooxygenase,Cyclooxygenases,Hydroperoxide Cyclase,PGH2 Synthetase,Prostaglandin Cyclo-Oxygenase,Prostaglandin Cyclooxygenase,Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthetase,Prostaglandin G-H Synthase,Prostaglandin H2 Synthetase,Prostaglandin Synthetase,Cyclase, Hydroperoxide,Cyclo Oxygenase,Cyclo-Oxygenase, Fatty Acid,Cyclo-Oxygenase, Prostaglandin,Cyclooxygenase, Arachidonic Acid,Cyclooxygenase, Prostaglandin,Endoperoxide Synthetase, Prostaglandin,Fatty Acid Cyclo Oxygenase,G-H Synthase, Prostaglandin,Prostaglandin Cyclo Oxygenase,Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthases,Prostaglandin G H Synthase,Synthase, PGH,Synthase, Prostaglandin,Synthase, Prostaglandin G-H,Synthase, Prostaglandin H,Synthase, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide,Synthases, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide,Synthetase, PGH2,Synthetase, Prostaglandin,Synthetase, Prostaglandin Endoperoxide,Synthetase, Prostaglandin H2
D011453	Prostaglandins	A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes.	Prostaglandin,Prostanoid,Prostanoids
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001095	Arachidonic Acids		Eicosatetraenoic Acids,Acids, Arachidonic,Acids, Eicosatetraenoic
D013347	Subcellular Fractions	Components of a cell produced by various separation techniques which, though they disrupt the delicate anatomy of a cell, preserve the structure and physiology of its functioning constituents for biochemical and ultrastructural analysis. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p163)	Fraction, Subcellular,Fractions, Subcellular,Subcellular Fraction
D013931	Thromboxanes	Physiologically active compounds found in many organs of the body. They are formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides and cause platelet aggregation, contraction of arteries, and other biological effects. Thromboxanes are important mediators of the actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids transformed by cyclooxygenase.	Thromboxane
D016718	Arachidonic Acid	An unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.	(all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid,Arachidonic Acid, (all-Z)-Isomer, 1-(14)C-Labeled,Arachidonic Acid, (all-Z)-isomer, 3H-Labeled,Arachidonic Acid, Ammonium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Cerium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Cesium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Lithium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Potassium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Sodium Salt,Arachidonic Acid, Sodium Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Arachidonic Acid, Zinc Salt, (all-Z)-Isomer,Sodium Arachidonate,Vitamin F,Arachidonate, Sodium