Congenital deformities in swine induced by wild tree tobacco, Nicotiana glauca. 1983

R F Keeler, and M W Crowe

Eighty-four of 147 piglets from 20 purebred Hampshire gilts that were bred to purebred Hampshire boars and then fed Nicotiana glauca during various periods of gestation were congenitally deformed. The deformities occurred in piglets from gilts on experiments in 3 separate years during which 4 different collections of the plant were fed. The deformities included various arthrogrypotic limb deviations and palate closure defects. Arthrogrypotic limbs had excessive flexure of pastern or carpal joints, medial rotation, or a combination of these effects. There were no gross visceral defects nor histopathologic changes in examined tissue. Expression of deformities varied as a function of gestation period. Palate closure defects, for example, occurred only in offspring from sows fed prior to gestation day 35. The limb deformities induced by N. glauca in piglets were similar to those reported by others and assumed, or known from feeding trials, to have been induced by maternal Nicotiana tabacum stalk ingestion. By contrast palate defects were not reported in piglets from maternal N. tabacum ingestion, but were of high incidence in the present work from maternal N. glauca ingestion. The suspect teratogen, anabasine, the principle piperidine alkaloid of N. glauca, varied in concentration among the collections fed. However dosages were maintained in each animal regardless of collection fed that resulted in daily toxicity signs indicative of anabasine toxicosis. The signs included depression, tremors, third eyelid closure, irregular gait and recumbency.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010947 Plants, Toxic Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals. Plants, Poisonous,Plant, Poisonous,Plant, Toxic,Poisonous Plant,Poisonous Plants,Toxic Plant,Toxic Plants
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D005260 Female Females
D005865 Gestational Age The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated from the onset of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization. It is also estimated to begin from fertilization, estrus, coitus, or artificial insemination. Embryologic Age,Fetal Maturity, Chronologic,Chronologic Fetal Maturity,Fetal Age,Maturity, Chronologic Fetal,Age, Embryologic,Age, Fetal,Age, Gestational,Ages, Embryologic,Ages, Fetal,Ages, Gestational,Embryologic Ages,Fetal Ages,Gestational Ages
D000014 Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. Drug-Induced Abnormalities,Abnormalities, Drug Induced,Abnormality, Drug-Induced,Drug Induced Abnormalities,Drug-Induced Abnormality
D000015 Abnormalities, Multiple Congenital abnormalities that affect more than one organ or body structure. Multiple Abnormalities
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000831 Animals, Newborn Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth. Animals, Neonatal,Animal, Neonatal,Animal, Newborn,Neonatal Animal,Neonatal Animals,Newborn Animal,Newborn Animals
D013552 Swine Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA). Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog

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