Biomaterial Database

Sodium balance and plasma renin activity during the development of two-kidney Goldblatt hypertension in rats. 1980

A E Doyle, and S G Duffy

1. In two experiments severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure 180 mmHg) was induced in rats by constricting one renal artery with a silver clip (two-kidney, one clip hypertension; 2KIC). Blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA) and body weight were measured for 35 days after clipping. Plasma sodium concentration and carcass sodium content were measured at the conclusion of the experiment. To determine the relationship between sodium intake, PRA and the development of severe hypertension, half of the rats were given a normal diet and water to drink; the other half were given a low sodium diet and 0.9% saline to drink. 2. In both experiments, two patterns of responses were observed. Group (1) had reduced growth rate, and marked elevation of PRA. Some, but not all of these animals had histological evidence of malignant nephrosclerosis in the untouched kidney. In the other group (11), weight gain was normal and PRA was normal or only slightly elevated. 3. Group 1 animals drinking saline, had raised carcass sodium levels, whereas those drinking water had no increase in carcass sodium. 4. The results confirm that hypertension in the 2KIC model is not always associated with a raised PRA. 5. The coexistence of a raised PRA and increased total body sodium suggests that the PRA does not rise as a result of sodium depletion in this model.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006977	Hypertension, Renal	Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.	Hypertensions, Renal,Renal Hypertension,Renal Hypertensions
D008297	Male		Males
D009400	Nephrosclerosis	Hardening of the KIDNEY due to infiltration by fibrous connective tissue (FIBROSIS), usually caused by renovascular diseases or chronic HYPERTENSION. Nephrosclerosis leads to renal ISCHEMIA.	Nephroscleroses
D012083	Renin	A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.	Angiotensin-Forming Enzyme,Angiotensinogenase,Big Renin,Cryorenin,Inactive Renin,Pre-Prorenin,Preprorenin,Prorenin,Angiotensin Forming Enzyme,Pre Prorenin,Renin, Big,Renin, Inactive
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012964	Sodium	A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.	Sodium Ion Level,Sodium-23,Ion Level, Sodium,Level, Sodium Ion,Sodium 23
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor