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A number of studies has shown that the plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) are increased by regular aerobic exercise. The plasma HDL, particularly HDL2, is regulated by the activity of 2 endothelial lipases, viz. lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL), which both can be assayed in postheparin plasma. In the present study the plasma levels of HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol and the postheparin plasma lipase activities were related to parameters of physical fitness obtained from a pulse conducted maximal bicycle ergometer test. There was a significant positive correlation between HDL2 cholesterol and physical fitness (r = 0.52, P less than 0.01). On the other hand, the postheparin plasma hepatic lipase activity showed a significant negative correlation to physical fitness (r = -0.57, P less than 0.01). The HDL2 cholesterol was inversely correlated with the HL activity (r = 0.57, P less than 0.001). Application of partial correlation analysis to the data showed that the relationship between HDL2 cholesterol and fitness disappeared by keeping the HL activity constant whereas the correlation between HDL2 and HL was not influenced by fitness. The relation of HDL2 to fitness was independent in body fat and basal plasma insulin level; in addition the relationship between HL and fitness was not accounted for by body fatness. No relationship was found between physical fitness and LPL activity or between HDL3 and fitness. The results support the hypothesis that hepatic endothelial lipase has a role in the regulation of plasma HDL2 cholesterol and that the activity of this enzyme decreases upon increase of physical fitness.
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