Biomaterial Database

Characterization and quantitative determination of gangliosides and neutral glycosphingolipids in human liver. 1982

O Nilsson, and L Svennerholm

The neutral and acidic glycolipids from the liver of an 11-year-old male were quantitatively isolated and characterized. The total concentration of gangliosides was also determined in sampled from five other human livers. Lipid-bound sialic acid varied between 190-248 nmol/g with a mean value of 212 nmol/g. The major ganglioside was GM3, which represented 91.6% of the sialic acid. Besides GM3 and GM1, a wide variety of other minor monosialogangliosides were isolated. Gangliosides of the gangliotetraose series with up to four sialic acids were demonstrated in human liver for the first time. The composition of the ceramide portion of the gangliotetraose gangliosides was considerably different from that of the "visceral" gangliosides, GM3, GD3, and LM1 (sialosyl-lactoneotetraosylceramide), which suggests that these two groups of gangliosides are biosynthesized in two different pools. The concentration of the neutral glycolipids was approximately the same as that of the gangliosides. Lactosylceramide was the largest fraction, closely followed by galactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, and globotriaosylceramide. The ceramide composition of the neutral glycolipids resembled that of the "visceral" gangliosides, suggesting that they are metabolically related. 2-Hydroxy fatty acids were found in glucosyl-, galactosyl-, and lactosylceramides as well as in ganglioside GM3.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002852	Chromatography, Ion Exchange	Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.	Chromatography, Ion-Exchange,Ion-Exchange Chromatography,Chromatographies, Ion Exchange,Chromatographies, Ion-Exchange,Ion Exchange Chromatographies,Ion Exchange Chromatography,Ion-Exchange Chromatographies
D002855	Chromatography, Thin Layer	Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Chromatography, Thin-Layer,Thin Layer Chromatography,Chromatographies, Thin Layer,Chromatographies, Thin-Layer,Thin Layer Chromatographies,Thin-Layer Chromatographies,Thin-Layer Chromatography
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D005732	Gangliosides	A subclass of ACIDIC GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS. They contain one or more sialic acid (N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID) residues. Using the Svennerholm system of abbrevations, gangliosides are designated G for ganglioside, plus subscript M, D, or T for mono-, di-, or trisialo, respectively, the subscript letter being followed by a subscript arabic numeral to indicated sequence of migration in thin-layer chromatograms. (From Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1997)	Ganglioside,Sialoglycosphingolipids