Biomaterial Database

Effect of cirrhosis of the liver on the pharmacokinetics of chlormethiazole. 1978

P J Pentikainen, and P J Neuvonen, and S Tarpila, and E Syvälahti

The pharmacokinetics of chlormethiazole were studied in eight patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver and in six healthy volunteers after oral and intravenous administration of the drug. In the patients the systemic bioavailability of oral chlormethiazole was increased about tenfold, whereas its elimination was only slightly retarded. The increased bioavailability was clearly due to decreased first-pass metabolism of chlormethiazole in the cirrhotic liver. The results indicate that chlormethiazole should be used in reduced dosage when given by mouth to patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007275	Injections, Intravenous	Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.	Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D008104	Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic	FIBROSIS of the hepatic parenchyma due to chronic excess ALCOHOL DRINKING.	Alcoholic Cirrhosis,Hepatic Cirrhosis, Alcoholic,Alcoholic Hepatic Cirrhosis,Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis
D008297	Male		Males
D008657	Metabolic Clearance Rate	Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.	Total Body Clearance Rate,Clearance Rate, Metabolic,Clearance Rates, Metabolic,Metabolic Clearance Rates,Rate, Metabolic Clearance,Rates, Metabolic Clearance
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D002719	Chlormethiazole	A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	Clomethiazole,Distraneurin
D005167	Factor VII	Heat- and storage-stable plasma protein that is activated by tissue thromboplastin to form factor VIIa in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. The activated form then catalyzes the activation of factor X to factor Xa.	Coagulation Factor VII,Proconvertin,Stable Factor,Blood Coagulation Factor VII,Factor 7,Factor Seven,Factor VII, Coagulation
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000284	Administration, Oral	The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.	Drug Administration, Oral,Administration, Oral Drug,Oral Administration,Oral Drug Administration,Administrations, Oral,Administrations, Oral Drug,Drug Administrations, Oral,Oral Administrations,Oral Drug Administrations
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults