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Studied were swab samples taken from the oral cavity, the nostrils, and the rectum, resp., the cloaca of a total of 2315 calves, pigs, chickens, poulets, and turkey-poults to demonstrate the presence of fungi of the genus Candida. The material was taken from healthy animals and birds as well as from such that had digestive troubles, bronchitis, and bronchopneumontia. Isolated were the species; C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. pelliculosa, C. gulliermondii, and C. utilis. The various species were differentiated on the basis of their morphologic and cultural characteristics and their biochemical behaviour. It was established that C. albicans only manifested pathogenic properties. It was experimentally demonstrated that the appearance of a Candida infection was facilitated by the simultaneous application of a fungus culture and antibiotics of a broad spectrum. Histopathologic investigations were carried out of experimentally infected and spontaneously affected birds.
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
February 1976,
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Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
August 1990,
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Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
August 1985,
Australian veterinary journal,
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
March 2009,
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Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
March 2008,
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Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
October 1972,
Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii,
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
November 2012,
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete,
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
October 1953,
Mycopathologia et mycologia applicata,
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
March 1969,
The Journal of hygiene,
Kh Stankushev, and
M Aleksandrov, and
M Duparinova, and
S Enchev, and
Ts Vranska
January 1993,
Vaccine,
