Biomaterial Database

Charcoal hemoperfusion for chronic renal failure. 1978

A W Siemsen, and G Dunea, and B H Mamdani, and G Guruprakash

16 patients with end-stage renal disease were treated with a fixed-bed, uncoated-charcoal hemoperfusion device, used either alone or in series with a hemodialyzer. 3 patients had one of their thrice weekly dialyses replaced by one 3 hour combined treatment for up to 6 months, and 3 patients had 150-min combined treatments thrice weekly for up to 5 months. The procedure was well tolerated. Transient hypotension occurred and interfered with fluid removal by ultrafiltration. Platelet counts were reduced, but there was no clinical bleeding. Pretreatment of the device with albumin provided no advantage over heparinized saline, and dextran caused a more severe reduction in the platelet count. The changes in platelets, white blood cells, and hematocrit were transient and noncumulative. Considerable amounts of creatinine and uric acid were removed. Regular charcoal hemoperfusion appears to be safe, and long-term studies of clinical efficacy are indicated.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D002606	Charcoal	An amorphous form of carbon prepared from the incomplete combustion of animal or vegetable matter, e.g., wood. The activated form of charcoal is used in the treatment of poisoning. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Activated Charcoal,Actidose,Actidose-Aqua,Adsorba,Carbomix,Charbon,CharcoAid,CharcoCaps,Charcodote,Formocarbine,Insta-Char,Kohle-Compretten,Kohle-Hevert,Kohle-Pulvis,Kohle-Tabletten Boxo-Pharm,Liqui-Char,Norit,Ultracarbon,Charcoal, Activated
D006464	Hemoperfusion	Removal of toxins or metabolites from the circulation by the passing of blood, within a suitable extracorporeal circuit, over semipermeable microcapsules containing adsorbents (e.g., activated charcoal) or enzymes, other enzyme preparations (e.g., gel-entrapped microsomes, membrane-free enzymes bound to artificial carriers), or other adsorbents (e.g., various resins, albumin-conjugated agarose).	Hemosorption,Hemoperfusions,Hemosorptions
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man