We have examined the projection from the lateral superior olive (LSO) to the inferior colliculus (IC) in the ferret, with particular interest in the laterality of the projection and in the effects of unilateral cochlear removal in infancy. Large or small deposits of the retrograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) were made in the IC of anesthetized adult ferrets that either were normally hearing or had been unilaterally deafened in infancy (P5 or P25). After 2 days, the ferrets were perfused, and frontal sections of the brainstem were treated with tetramethyl benzidine. For large deposits of WGA-HRP, equal numbers of labelled neurons were found evenly spread through both LSOs. Smaller deposits of WGA-HRP produced four results that contrasted with previous reports on the cat. First, many more labelled neurons were found in the contralateral than in the ipsilateral LSO. Second, the relative number of labelled neurons in each LSO was independent of whether the deposits were in the ventral or in the dorsal IC. Third, the total number of labelled LSO neurons was independent of whether the deposits were in the ventral or in the dorsal IC. Fourth, the proportion of ipsilateral to contralateral labelled neurons was slightly higher in the medial LSO than in the lateral LSO. Ventral IC deposits resulted in more labelled neurons in the medial LSO, and dorsal IC deposits resulted in more labelled neurons in the lateral LSO, as expected. Neonatal cochlear removal did not change any of these results. We conclude that, in the ferret, the organization of the crossed and uncrossed projections from the LSO to the IC differs from that of the cat, and any similarity with the optic chiasm is not obvious.