Induction of T-helper cell response to hepatitis B core antigen in chronic hepatitis B: a major factor in activation of the host immune response to the hepatitis B virus. 1995

G Marinos, and F Torre, and S Chokshi, and M Hussain, and B E Clarke, and D J Rowlands, and A L Eddleston, and N V Naoumov, and R Williams
Institute of Liver Studies, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.

The T helper (Th) cell response to hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) was analyzed in 76 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers with varying degrees of hepatic inflammation and HBV replication. Fifty-five patients had active viral replication, 28 with minimal histological changes and normal alanine transaminase (ALT) and 27 with active hepatic inflammation and elevated ALT. The remaining 21 chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers had undetectable HBV replication, minimal histological activity, and normal ALT. In addition, 34 chronic HBV carriers were studied prospectively during treatment with alpha-interferon. The HBcAg-specific Th cell response was evaluated by a proliferative assay using 3H-thymidine uptake and gamma-interferon production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The proliferative response and gamma-interferon production of patients with active hepatic inflammation were significantly higher than in patients with minimal histological changes and in controls. In the longitudinal analysis during alpha-interferon treatment, 22 of 34 patients sustained an ALT flare accompanied by a parallel, significant Th cell response, which preceded or coincided with the ALT flare. The elevation in the Th cell response and the ALT flare were followed by a significant rise in the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M anti-HBc index. Ten of twenty-two patients with an enhanced Th cell response and an ALT flare seroconverted after alpha-interferon treatment. The Th cell activity in the 10 responders rapidly subsided after hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in the 12 nonresponders it remained elevated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007371 Interferon-gamma The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D007963 Leukocytes, Mononuclear Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules. Mononuclear Leukocyte,Mononuclear Leukocytes,PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Human Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Leukocyte, Mononuclear
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002908 Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). Chronic Condition,Chronic Illness,Chronically Ill,Chronic Conditions,Chronic Diseases,Chronic Illnesses,Condition, Chronic,Disease, Chronic,Illness, Chronic
D004279 DNA, Viral Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses. Viral DNA
D006377 T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer Subpopulation of CD4+ lymphocytes that cooperate with other lymphocytes (either T or B) to initiate a variety of immune functions. For example, helper-inducer T-cells cooperate with B-cells to produce antibodies to thymus-dependent antigens and with other subpopulations of T-cells to initiate a variety of cell-mediated immune functions. Helper Cell,Helper Cells,Helper T Cell,Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocytes,Inducer Cell,Inducer Cells,T-Cells, Helper-Inducer,T-Lymphocytes, Helper,T-Lymphocytes, Inducer,Helper T-Cells,Cell, Helper T,Cells, Helper T,Helper Inducer T Lymphocytes,Helper T Cells,Helper T-Cell,Helper T-Lymphocyte,Helper T-Lymphocytes,Helper-Inducer T-Cell,Helper-Inducer T-Cells,Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte,Inducer T-Lymphocyte,Inducer T-Lymphocytes,T Cell, Helper,T Cells, Helper,T Cells, Helper Inducer,T Lymphocytes, Helper,T Lymphocytes, Helper Inducer,T Lymphocytes, Inducer,T-Cell, Helper,T-Cell, Helper-Inducer,T-Cells, Helper,T-Lymphocyte, Helper,T-Lymphocyte, Helper-Inducer,T-Lymphocyte, Inducer
D006509 Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact. Hepatitis B Virus Infection
D006510 Hepatitis B Antibodies Antibodies to the HEPATITIS B ANTIGENS, including antibodies to the surface (Australia) and core of the Dane particle and those to the "e" antigens. Anti-Australia Antigens,Anti-HBAg,Anti-Hepatitis B Antigens,Anti HBAg,Hepatitis B Virus Antibodies,Anti Australia Antigens,Anti Hepatitis B Antigens,Antibodies, Hepatitis B,Antigens, Anti-Australia,Antigens, Anti-Hepatitis B,B Antibodies, Hepatitis,B Antigens, Anti-Hepatitis,HBAg, Anti
D006512 Hepatitis B Core Antigens The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion. HBcAg,Hepatitis B Core Antigen
D006513 Hepatitis B e Antigens A closely related group of antigens found in the plasma only during the infective phase of hepatitis B or in virulent chronic hepatitis B, probably indicating active virus replication; there are three subtypes which may exist in a complex with immunoglobulins G. HBeAg,Hepatitis B e Antigen,Hepatitis Be Antigen,e Antigen,e Antigens,HBe Ag-1,HBe Ag-2,Hepatitis Be Antigens,Antigen, Hepatitis Be,Antigen, e,Antigens, Hepatitis Be,Antigens, e,Be Antigen, Hepatitis,Be Antigens, Hepatitis

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