Biomaterial Database

Organotins are co-clastogens in a whole mammalian system. 1993

H Yamada, and Y F Sasaki

Biological Laboratory, School of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan.

The frequency of micronuclei induced by mitomycin C (MMC) in mouse peripheral reticulocytes was enhanced by treatment with organotins: bis(tri-n-butyltin) oxide (TBTO) and triphenyltin chloride (TPTC). TBTO and TPTC did not themselves induce micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRETs) in mouse peripheral blood. When 50 mg/kg TBTO or 100 mg/kg TPTC was given orally to mice simultaneously with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 1 mg/kg MMC, however, TBTO and TPTC caused about 55% and 51% increases, respectively, in MMC-induced a synergistic MNRET frequency. Organotin administration 3 or 6 h before and 3 h after MMC injection also caused enhancement of MNRET frequency. These results demonstrate that TBTO and TPTC act as co-clastogens in a whole mammalian system.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009153	Mutagens	Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.	Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D009947	Organotin Compounds	Organic compounds which contain tin in the molecule. Used widely in industry and agriculture.	Compounds, Organotin
D012156	Reticulocytes	Immature ERYTHROCYTES. In humans, these are ERYTHROID CELLS that have just undergone extrusion of their CELL NUCLEUS. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature. RIBOSOMES are last to disappear. Certain staining techniques cause components of the ribosomes to precipitate into characteristic "reticulum" (not the same as the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM), hence the name reticulocytes.	Reticulocyte
D004357	Drug Synergism	The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.	Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014220	Trialkyltin Compounds	Organometallic compounds which contain tin and three alkyl groups.	Compounds, Trialkyltin
D014873	Water Pollutants	Substances or organisms which pollute the water or bodies of water. Use for water pollutants in general or those for which there is no specific heading.	Water Pollutant,Pollutant, Water,Pollutants, Water
D015162	Micronucleus Tests	Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION.	Micronucleus Assays,Assay, Micronucleus,Assays, Micronucleus,Micronucleus Assay,Micronucleus Test,Test, Micronucleus,Tests, Micronucleus
D016296	Mutagenesis	Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.	Mutageneses